Large-scale sequencing of human influenza reveals the dynamic nature of viral genome evolution

Ghedin, Elodie; Sengamalay, Naomi; Shumway, Martin; Zaborsky, Jennifer; Feldblyum, Tamara; Subbu, Vik; Spiro, David; Sitz, Jeff; Koo, Hean; Bolotov, Pavel; Dernovoy, Dmitry; Tatusova, Tatiana; Bào, Yīmíng; George, Kirsten St.; Taylor, Jill; Lipman, David J.; Fraser, Claire M.; Taubenberger, Jeffery K.; Salzberg, Steven L.

doi:10.1038/nature04239

Cited by 414 publications

(313 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The fragmented nature of the genome allows the exchange of gene segments when two or more influenza viruses coinfect the same cell, in a process named "genetic reassortment" (4). Genetic reassortment is a major feature of influenza evolution and cross-species transmission and also is important for the generation of antigenically novel isolates by introducing novel HA segments in compatible genetic backgrounds (5)(6)(7). Future pandemic viruses most likely will carry different HA genes to which human populations are immunologically naive.…”

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confidence: 99%

Critical role of segment-specific packaging signals in genetic reassortment of influenza A viruses

Essere

Yver

Gavazzi

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The fragmented nature of the influenza A genome allows the exchange of gene segments when two or more influenza viruses infect the same cell, but little is known about the rules underlying this process. Here, we studied genetic reassortment between the A/Moscow/10/99 (H3N2, MO) virus originally isolated from human and the avian A/Finch/England/2051/91 (H5N2, EN) virus and found that this process is strongly biased. Importantly, the avian HA segment never entered the MO genetic background alone but always was accompanied by the avian PA and M fragments. Introduction of the 5′ and 3′ packaging sequences of HA MO into an otherwise HA EN backbone allowed efficient incorporation of the chimerical viral RNA (vRNA) into the MO genetic background. Furthermore, forcing the incorporation of the avian M segment or introducing five silent mutations into the human M segment was sufficient to drive coincorporation of the avian HA segment into the MO genetic background. These silent mutations also strongly affected the genotype of reassortant viruses. Taken together, our results indicate that packaging signals are crucial for genetic reassortment and that suboptimal compatibility between the vRNA packaging signals, which are detected only when vRNAs compete for packaging, limit this process.hemagglutinin | RNA packaging

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical role of segment-specific packaging signals in genetic reassortment of influenza A viruses

Essere

Yver

Gavazzi

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Ainsi, pourrait réapparaître cette antique maladie virale, qui tuait 20 % à 40 % des patients infectés, avant sa disparition en 1977 après dix ans de campagne de vaccination. En octobre 2005, ont été publiées plus de 200 séquences de souches de virus de la grippe, montrant l'origine aviaire de la souche H1N1 responsable de la pandémie de grippe espagnole, qui fit plus de 50 millions de morts dans le monde en 1918 [16]. Conjointement, ce virus à ARN monocaténaire de 13,5 kb a entièrement été synthétisé à partir des données de séquences nucléotidiques in silico, provenant de l'étude des tissus de patients morts il y a plus de 80 ans : le virus « ressuscité » s'est révélé très virulent chez l'animal [17].…”

Section: Synthèse D'agents Infectieuxunclassified

Progrès scientifiques et nouvelles armes biologiques

Berche

2006

Med Sci (Paris)

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“…More significant changes, called antigenic shift (Figure 3), result from the acquisition of entirely new gene segments, through genetic reassortment between two virus strains simultaneously infecting the same host. This may result in the emergence of novel influenza virus subtypes that may have increased virulence, a fact that can be aggravated by the lack of prior significant protective immunity in the new hosts [17]. Important examples of emerging influenza subtypes generated by antigenic shift have caused catastrophic pandemics of influenza with great impact in human history [17].…”

Section: Biology Of Influenza a Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

H5N1 avian influenza virus: an overview

2007

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Avian influenza virus (H5N1) emerged in Hong Kong in 1997, causing severe human disease. In recent years, several outbreaks have been reported in different parts of Asia, Europe and Africa, raising concerns of dissemination of a new and highly lethal influenza pandemic. Although H5N1 has not been capable of sustaining human-tohuman transmission, the ability of the virus to undergo variation due to mutations and reassortment, clearly poses the possibility of viral adaptation to the human species. For this reason the World Health Organization has established that we are now in a phase of pandemic alert. Preparing for an influenza pandemic involves a great deal of awareness necessary to stop initial outbreaks, through the use of case recognition, sensitive and rapid diagnostic methods, appropriate therapeutic and preventive measures to reduce spread. Influenza pandemic preparedness involves coordinated pharmacologic and vaccinal strategies, as well as containment measures such as travel restrictions and quarantine approaches.

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Large-scale sequencing of human influenza reveals the dynamic nature of viral genome evolution

Cited by 414 publications

References 27 publications

Critical role of segment-specific packaging signals in genetic reassortment of influenza A viruses

Critical role of segment-specific packaging signals in genetic reassortment of influenza A viruses

Progrès scientifiques et nouvelles armes biologiques

H5N1 avian influenza virus: an overview

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