Large-scale resculpting of cortical circuits in children after surgical resection

Maallo, Anne Margarette S.; Granovetter, Michael; Freud, Erez; Kästner, Sabine; Pinsk, Mark A.; Glen, Daniel; Patterson, Christina; Behrmann, Marlene

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-78394-z

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Indeed, such competition can be observed longitudinally: A patient with a right VOTC resection showed increasing competition for face representation in the LH over several years ( 60 ). Even postoperative changes in functional connectivity in the intact hemisphere of pediatric resection patients may reflect both plasticity and competition for representation of multiple visual categories ( 61 ). Future work is needed to probe the direct relationship between behavioral and neural profiles to determine whether the extent of competition for neural representations for faces and words is, in fact, an explanation for patients' postoperative recognition behaviors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

With childhood hemispherectomy, one hemisphere can support—but is suboptimal for—word and face recognition

Granovetter

Robert

Ettensohn

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The right and left cerebral hemispheres are important for face and word recognition, respectively—a specialization that emerges over human development. The question is whether this bilateral distribution is necessary or whether a single hemisphere, be it left or right, can support both face and word recognition. Here, face and word recognition accuracy in patients (median age 16.7 y) with a single hemisphere following childhood hemispherectomy was compared against matched typical controls. In experiment 1, participants viewed stimuli in central vision. Across both face and word tasks, accuracy of both left and right hemispherectomy patients, while significantly lower than controls' accuracy, averaged above 80% and did not differ from each other. To compare patients' single hemisphere more directly to one hemisphere of controls, in experiment 2, participants viewed stimuli in one visual field to constrain initial processing chiefly to a single (contralateral) hemisphere. Whereas controls had higher word accuracy when words were presented to the right than to the left visual field, there was no field/hemispheric difference for faces. In contrast, left and right hemispherectomy patients, again, showed comparable performance to one another on both face and word recognition, albeit significantly lower than controls. Altogether, the findings indicate that a single developing hemisphere, either left or right, may be sufficiently plastic for comparable representation of faces and words. However, perhaps due to increased competition or “neural crowding,” constraining cortical representations to one hemisphere may collectively hamper face and word recognition, relative to that observed in typical development with two hemispheres.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

With childhood hemispherectomy, one hemisphere can support—but is suboptimal for—word and face recognition

Granovetter

Robert

Ettensohn

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Indeed, such competition can be observed longitudinally: a patient with a right VOTC resection showed increasing competition for face representation in the LH over several years (54). Even postoperative changes in functional connectivity in the intact hemisphere of pediatric resection patients may reflect both plasticity and competition for representation of multiple visual categories (55). Future work is needed to probe the direct relationship between behavioral and neural profiles to determine whether the extent of competition for neural representations for faces and words is, in fact, an explanation for patients’ postoperative recognition behaviors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

With Childhood Hemispherectomy, One Hemisphere Can Support--But is Suboptimal for--Word and Face Recognition

Granovetter

Ettensohn

Behrmann

2020

Preprint

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The left and right cerebral hemispheres are important for word and face recognition, respectively—a specialization that emerges over human development. But children who have undergone a hemispherectomy develop with only one hemisphere. The question is whether this preserved hemisphere, be it left or right, can support both word and face recognition. Here, a large sample of patients with childhood hemispherectomy and age-matched controls performed word- and face-matching tasks. Controls viewed stimuli either in one visual field (restricting initial processing to one hemisphere) or, like the patients, in central vision. Across word and face tasks, patients performed comparably to controls using primarily one hemisphere, but more poorly than controls viewing stimuli centrally with both hemispheres engaged. Additionally, patients showed deficits in low-level visual processing that may explain their word/face recognition deficits relative to controls. Altogether, the findings suggest that either hemisphere alone can support word and face recognition, albeit sub-optimally.

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“…While the current study demonstrates the remarkable stability of one hemisphere forced to develop in isolation, future work is necessary to demonstrate the potential plastic mechanisms subserving this stability. Prior work has demonstrated, for instance, that there are global differences in functional connectivity (FC) in the contralesional hemisphere of this patient population, indicative of plasticity from competition for functional representations 22,57,58 . The mechanisms by which brain-wide FC differences may be implicated in the formation of stimulus exemplar representations remains to be explored.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The neural processes underlying stimulus individuation appear to emerge over childhood once the category selectivity (CS) profile is established: adolescents, but not children, show reliably localizable CS for faces and scenes in OTC, but neither group shows adult-like RS to individual faces or scenes 29 . That patients with resections that include occipital and/or temporal cortex have seemingly intact CS ROIs [20][21][22] does not necessarily imply that the neurons in these regions are tuned for stimulus exemplars. Indeed, while patients with a single OTC perform surprisingly well on recognizing individual faces and words (average accuracy about 85%), their exemplar-specific performance is still statistically inferior to TD controls [30][31][32] , perhaps due to compromised neural profiles for stimulus individuation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Resilience of the Neural Visual Recognition System Post-Pediatric Occipitotemporal Resection

Granovetter,

Maallo,

Ling

et al. 2024

Preprint

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In the typically developing (TD) brain, neural representations for visual stimulus categories (e.g., faces, objects, and words) emerge in bilateral occipitotemporal cortex (OTC), albeit with weighted asymmetry; in parallel, recognition behavior continues to be refined. A fundamental question is whether two hemispheres are necessary or redundant for the emergence of neural representations and recognition behavior typically distributed across both hemispheres. The rare population of patients undergoing unilateral OTC resection in childhood offers a unique opportunity to evaluate whether neural computations for visual stimulus individuation suffice for recognition with only a single developing OTC. Here, using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we mapped category selectivity (CS) and neural representations for individual stimulus exemplars using repetition suppression (RS) in the non-resected hemisphere of pediatric OTC resection patients (n= 9) and control patients with resection outside of OTC (n= 12), as well as in both hemispheres of TD controls (n= 21). There were no univariate group differences in the magnitude of CS or RS or any multivariate differences (per representational similarity analysis) in neural activation to faces, objects, or words across groups. Notwithstanding their comparable neural profiles, accuracy of OTC resection patients on face and object recognition, but not word recognition, was statistically inferior to that of controls. The comparable neural signature of the OTC resection patients’ preserved hemisphere and the other two groups highlights the resilience of the system following damage to the contralateral homologue. Critically, however, a single OTC does not suffice for normal behavior, and, thereby, implicates the necessity for two hemispheres.

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Large-scale resculpting of cortical circuits in children after surgical resection

Cited by 6 publications

References 49 publications

With childhood hemispherectomy, one hemisphere can support—but is suboptimal for—word and face recognition

With childhood hemispherectomy, one hemisphere can support—but is suboptimal for—word and face recognition

With Childhood Hemispherectomy, One Hemisphere Can Support--But is Suboptimal for--Word and Face Recognition

Functional Resilience of the Neural Visual Recognition System Post-Pediatric Occipitotemporal Resection

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