Large-scale potassium-doped tungsten alloy with superior recrystallization resistance, ductility and strength induced by potassium bubbles

Ma, Xiaolei; Zhang, Xiaoxin; Wang, Ting; Lang, Shaoting; Lv, Wei; Wang, Yijia; Chen, Ge; Yan, Qingzhi

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2021.153450

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The rolling, transverse and normal direction are recorded as RD, TD and ND, respectively. The impurity composition, nature of the K bubbles, detailed fabrication procedure and digital photo of the W-K plate were presented in [34]. Subsequently, samples with a size of 10 × 10 × 1.5 mm 3 were obtained via electrical discharge machining and mechanical polishing.…”

Section: Preparation Of Hot-rolled W-k Platementioning

confidence: 99%

“…An interesting phenomenon is that the distribution of K bubbles with a mean size of ∼68.5 nm is not random but presents a specific string arrangement along a certain direction, called K bubble string. For more detailed characteristics of K bubbles, please refer to our previous work [34]. In general, K-tube is extremely difficult to observe because it is in a critical state during the processing of W-K plate.…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be emphasized that the thermal conductivity of TiC and ZrC as ceramic phases is much lower than that of ITER-W. In addition, the small size (∼68.5 nm) and extremely low content (∼92 ppm [34]) of K bubbles are also considered to be one of the reasons for the smaller impact of K doping on the thermal conductivity of PW.…”

Section: Thermal Conductivity Of the Rolled W-k Alloymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the thickness of the W-Cu mono-block as a divertor component is not less than 12 mm [33]. Furthermore, some of its key properties have been characterized and the results indicate that the W-K exhibits high strength and large plasticity simultaneously, superior high-temperature stability [34], good plasma exposure resistance [35] and excellent irradiation hardening resistance [36]. In order to more systematically evaluate the service performance of this W-K plate, it is very important and necessary to investigate its thermal shock resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of potassium bubbles on the thermal shock fatigue behavior of large-volume potassium-doped tungsten alloy

Feng

Zhang

et al. 2022

Nucl. Fusion

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A newly developed large-volume potassium doped tungsten (W-K) plate with a thickness of 15 mm and a weight of 25 kg by powder metallurgy plus hot rolling was prepared to meet the requirements of International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) in engineering application. In order to clarify the effect of K doping on the thermal shock performance of W-K alloy, transient thermal shock tests with a single pulse duration of 1 ms for 100 shots at room temperature were performed. The absorbed power density is set to 0.33, 0.44, 0.55 and 0.66 GW/m2, respectively. Besides, the microstructure, Vickers micro-hardness before and after the transient thermal shock, thermal conductivity and relative density were also characterized. The results indicate that the cracking threshold of rolled W-K is 0.44-0.55 GW/m2, which possesses a better transient thermal shock resistance compared with the most of advanced W-based materials. This is mainly because that K doping can significantly improve the high-temperature stability and mechanical properties of W material without reducing its thermal conductivity. Especially, K bubbles can also effectively inhibit the formation and propagation of crack during thermal shock. Moreover, the cracking mechanism of rolled W-K alloy was also discussed in details. These studies are helpful to build a trusted ITER database on an advanced W-based materials, which provides useful references for the selection of future plasma facing materials.

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Section: Preparation Of Hot-rolled W-k Platementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermal Conductivity Of the Rolled W-k Alloymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of potassium bubbles on the thermal shock fatigue behavior of large-volume potassium-doped tungsten alloy

Feng

Zhang

et al. 2022

Nucl. Fusion

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“…In addition, it is expected that the embrittlement induced by neutron irradiation can be suppressed since it contains numerous GB, which act as sinks for the defects produced. On the other hand, the addition of rhenium (Re) is also considered as another very promising procedure, namely as a solid solution alloy reinforcement [ 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Plasma Facing Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials to Be Used in Future Magnetic Confinement Fusion Reactors: A Review

Alba¹,

Rodríguez²,

Cerdeira³

2022

Materials

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This paper presents the roadmap of the main materials to be used for ITER and DEMO class reactors as well as an overview of the most relevant innovations that have been made in recent years. The main idea in the EUROfusion development program for the FW (first wall) is the use of low-activation materials. Thus far, several candidates have been proposed: RAFM and ODS steels, SiC/SiC ceramic composites and vanadium alloys. In turn, the most relevant diagnostic systems and PFMs (plasma-facing materials) will be described, all accompanied by the corresponding justification for the selection of the materials as well as their main characteristics. Finally, an outlook will be provided on future material development activities to be carried out during the next phase of the conceptual design for DEMO, which is highly dependent on the success of the IFMIF-DONES facility, whose design, operation and objectives are also described in this paper.

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Design and thermal-hydraulic analysis for CFETR divertor OVT in consideration of RH compatibility

Zhang

Yin

Mou

et al. 2023

Fusion Engineering and Design

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Large-scale potassium-doped tungsten alloy with superior recrystallization resistance, ductility and strength induced by potassium bubbles

Cited by 21 publications

References 53 publications

Effect of potassium bubbles on the thermal shock fatigue behavior of large-volume potassium-doped tungsten alloy

Effect of potassium bubbles on the thermal shock fatigue behavior of large-volume potassium-doped tungsten alloy

Materials to Be Used in Future Magnetic Confinement Fusion Reactors: A Review

Design and thermal-hydraulic analysis for CFETR divertor OVT in consideration of RH compatibility

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