“…To evaluate the validity of the present method, the results are compared with those observed in two past passive earth pressure tests (Test 1 and Test 2) conducted by Wilson and Elgamal [17], as given in Table 1. Test 1 has the following conditions: k h = k v = 0, i = b = 0, c w = 0, q 0 = 0, H = 1.68 m, d = 2.3°, c = 11.5 kPa, u = 51°, and c = 19.30 kN/m 3 .…”