Large Scale LoRa Networks: From Homogeneous to Heterogeneous Deployments

Ochoa, Moises Nuñez; Suraty, Luiz; Maman, Mickael; Duda, Andrzej

doi:10.1109/wimob.2018.8589080

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Aside from LoRaWAN, other protocols have been studied to enhance the capacity and the range of LoRa networks. Some studies propose to use different spreading factors or scheduling to benefit from the co-channel rejection [53,54]. Other studies propose using time division multiple access-based protocols [55,56].…”

Section: Medium Access Layer Mechanisms Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

On-Demand Satellite Payload Execution Strategy for Natural Disasters Monitoring Using LoRa: Observation Requirements and Optimum Medium Access Layer Mechanisms

et al. 2021

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Natural disasters and catastrophes are responsible for numerous casualties and important economic losses. They can be monitored either with in-situ or spaceborne instruments. However, these monitoring systems are not optimal for an early detection and constant monitoring. An optimisation of these systems could benefit from networks of Internet of Things (IoT) sensors on the Earth’s surface, capable of automatically triggering on-demand executions of the spaceborne instruments. However, having a vast amount of sensors communicating at once with one satellite in view also poses a challenge in terms of the medium access layer (MAC), since, due to packet collisions, packet losses can occur. As part of this study, the monitoring requirements for an ideal spatial nodes density and measurement update frequencies of those sensors are provided. In addition, a study is performed to compare different MAC protocols, and to assess the sensors density that can be achieved with each of these protocols, using the LoRa technology, and concluding the feasibility of the monitoring requirements identified.

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Section: Medium Access Layer Mechanisms Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

On-Demand Satellite Payload Execution Strategy for Natural Disasters Monitoring Using LoRa: Observation Requirements and Optimum Medium Access Layer Mechanisms

et al. 2021

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“…2018 7 [20] This article analyses the efficiency of large LoRa networks, specifically those with a minimum of 10000 moving nodes transmitting to the gateway. The article compares the existing adaptive data rate (ADR) and EXpLoRa-AIR of LoRa versus a new algorithm AD MAIORA with the moving nodes having homogeneous configurations (spreading factor(SF), frequency (Fc), bandwidth (BW), coding rate (C/R))…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Naive LoRa gateways placement techniques are discussed in the work of [21], [19], [20] and [14]. The summaries of these articles and their methods are given by table 2.…”

Section: ) Naive Placementmentioning

confidence: 99%

LoRa Network Planning and Deployment: A Terrestrial Navigation Application

2021

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Long Range (LoRa) is a popular low power wide area network (LPWAN) technology which operates in the ISM frequency band transmitting information over ranges in excess of 20 km and 5 km in rural and urban landscapes respectively. This is of significance in applications where LoRa may be used as a terrestrial navigation system, or in any wireless sensor network (WSN) applications. A key system performance parameter for network planning and coverage prediction in ranging applications is the horizontal dilution of precision (HDOP). HDOP, is dependent on transmitter geometry and can amplify the position errors depending on how the transmitters are placed with respect to one another. Despite the importance of HDOP, there is no prescribed transmitter or gateway placement technique in the literature that has been combined with HDOP to obtain good position fixes within the coverage area. We propose a gateway placement technique called imaginary triangular tessellation technique to be used in conjunction with HDOP. The HDOP performance of our proposed technique is compared against three other placement techniques, namely naive, Deluany and random placement for the same number of gateways using the total average HDOP score of the area where a method has been deployed, as well as statistical significance and effect size as tests. The goal of our experiment is to find a placement technique that results in a better HDOP score (values between 0 and 1) in most parts of the coverage area. The HDOP scores for the random, Delauny, naive and our proposed technique are 30%, 50% 47% and 70% respectively for 8 gateways. The results also suggest that at least 8 LoRa gateways are needed to service our chosen geographical area of 2500 hectares or 6175 federation football fields. The results demonstrate that our proposed method can be used to set up and plan a LoRa network for use in scenarios such as tracking of animals, vehicles and navigation.

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“…equals the success probability of the SIR condition (5). Performing the integral in (9) we finally arrive at…”

Section: Coverage Probabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To that end, many works have investigated the performance of LoRa networks, with particular interest on its scalability and interference management, with the aim to suggest simple engineering solutions that can improve reliability, scalability, and information delay [3]- [5]. In this letter, we build on previous results [6] and leverage tools from stochastic geometry [7] to i) present a novel mathematical framework for uplink performance analysis that models non-uniform deployments, ii) derive expressions for the packet collision probability and coverage probability using meta distribution statistics of the inherent interference and demonstrate how the two are related, and finally iii) define optimization problems used to obtain optimal and fair deployment strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Non-Uniform Deployments of LoRa Networks

Georgiou,

Psomas,

Skouroumounis

et al. 2021

Preprint

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LoRa wireless technology is an increasingly prominent solution for massive connectivity and the Internet of Things. Stochastic geometry and numerical analysis of LoRa networks usually consider uniform end-device deployments. Real deployments however will often be non-uniform, for example due to mobility. This letter mathematically investigates how non-uniform deployments affect network coverage and suggest optimal deployment strategies and uplink random access transmission schemes. We find that concave deployments of LoRa end-devices with a sub-linear spread of random access inter-transmission times provide optimal network coverage performance.

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Large Scale LoRa Networks: From Homogeneous to Heterogeneous Deployments

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

On-Demand Satellite Payload Execution Strategy for Natural Disasters Monitoring Using LoRa: Observation Requirements and Optimum Medium Access Layer Mechanisms

On-Demand Satellite Payload Execution Strategy for Natural Disasters Monitoring Using LoRa: Observation Requirements and Optimum Medium Access Layer Mechanisms

LoRa Network Planning and Deployment: A Terrestrial Navigation Application

Optimal Non-Uniform Deployments of LoRa Networks

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