Large-scale dynamic triggering of shallow slow slip enhanced by overlying sedimentary wedge

Wallace, Laura; Kaneko, Y.; Hreinsdóttir, Sigrún; Hamling, I. J.; Peng, Zhigang; Bartlow, N. M.; D’Anastasio, E.; Fry, Bill

doi:10.1038/ngeo3021

Cited by 138 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Thus the same large displacement events can be observed synchronously at several stations (Wallace et al 2017, Fig. 2).…”

Section: Synchronisation Of Data Setsmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…It appears that each block moves whilst maintaining deformation compatibility at the boundaries of these blocks by combinations of boundary slip, block rotation and internal elastic, brittle and plastic deformation. There is evidence (Wallace et al 2017 and this paper) that the motions of individual blocks are synchronised with others over quite large distances. The question arises therefore: How much of the average trend is to be attributed to the overall plate tectonic motions and how much is to be attributed to the nonlinear dynamics of the microplate?…”

Section: Analysis Of Gnss Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since there is some interest in understanding synchronisation between two stations on the North Island of New Zealand with an event (marked as a red triangle in Fig. 11a) on the South Island (Wallace et al 2017), we also explore synchronisation between two distant stations.…”

Section: Analysis Of Gnss Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nonlinear dynamical analysis of GNSS data: quantification, precursors and synchronisation

Hobbs

Ord

2018

Prog Earth Planet Sci

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The goal of any nonlinear dynamical analysis of a data series is to extract features of the dynamics of the underlying physical and chemical processes that produce that spatial pattern or time series; a by-product is to characterise the signal in terms of quantitative measures. In this paper, we briefly review the methodology involved in nonlinear analysis and explore time series for GNSS crustal displacements with a view to constraining the dynamics of the underlying tectonic processes responsible for the kinematics. We use recurrence plots and their quantification to extract the invariant measures of the tectonic system including the embedding dimension, the maximum Lyapunov exponent and the entropy and characterise the system using recurrence quantification analysis (RQA). These measures are used to develop a data model for some GNSS data sets in New Zealand. The resulting dynamical model is tested using nonlinear prediction algorithms. The behaviours of some RQA measures are shown to act as precursors to major jumps in crustal displacement rate. We explore synchronisation using cross-and joint-recurrence analyses between stations and show that generalised synchronisation occurs between GNSS time series separated by up to 600 km. Synchronisation between stations begins up to 250 to 400 days before a large displacement event and decreases immediately before the event. The results are used to speculate on the coupled processes that may be responsible for the tectonics of the observed crustal deformations and that are compatible with the results of nonlinear analysis. The overall aim is to place constraints on the nature of the global attractor that describes plate motions on the Earth.

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“…Thus the same large displacement events can be observed synchronously at several stations (Wallace et al 2017, Fig. 2).…”

Section: Synchronisation Of Data Setsmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Analysis Of Gnss Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nonlinear dynamical analysis of GNSS data: quantification, precursors and synchronisation

Hobbs

Ord

2018

Prog Earth Planet Sci

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“…9), corresponding to peaks 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 12, distinct spatial clustering of earthquakes is visible. Approximate regions of slow slip available for a few SSEs (Koulali et al 2017;Wallace and Eberhart-Phillips 2013;Wallace et al 2017) are shown in the corresponding plots. It can be noticed that the seismicity clusters related to peaks 5 and 11 are located near the down dip edges of the corresponding slip patches (Fig.…”

Section: Application To New Zealand Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-stationary ETAS to model earthquake occurrences affected by episodic aseismic transients

Kattamanchi

Tiwari

Ramesh

2017

Earth Planets Space

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We present a non-stationary epidemic-type aftershock sequence (ETAS) model in which the usual assumption of stationary background rate is relaxed. Such a model could be used for modeling seismic sequences affected by aseismic transients such as fluid/magma intrusion, slow slip earthquakes (SSEs), etc. The non-stationary background rate is expressed as a linear combination of B-splines, and a method is proposed that allows for simultaneous estimation of background rate as well as other ETAS model parameters. We also present an extension to this non-stationary ETAS model where an adaptive roughness penalty function is used and consequently provides better estimates of rapidly varying background rate functions. The performance of the proposed methods is demonstrated on synthetic catalogs and an application to detect earthquake swarms (possibly associated with SSEs) in Hikurangi margin (North Island, New Zealand) is presented.

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“…, even though some happen at shallow depth, notably in New Zealand [4][5][6] and Costa Rica 7,8 . Slow-slip events at subduction zones worldwide often embody similar, characteristic features [9][10][11][12][13] .…”

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confidence: 99%

Slow-slip events in semi-brittle serpentinite fault zones

Goswami¹,

Barbot²

2018

Preprint

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Slow-slip events are earthquake-like events only with much lower slip rates. While peak coseismic velocities can reach tens of meters per second, slow-slip is on the order of 10 −7±2 m/s and may last for days to weeks. Under the rate-and-state model of fault friction, slow-slip is produced only when the asperity size is commensurate with the critical nucleation size, a function of frictional properties. However, it is unlikely that all subduction zones embody the same frictional properties. In addition to friction, plastic flow of antigorite-rich serpentinite may significantly influence the dynamics of fault slip near the mantle wedge corner. Here, we show that the range of frictional parameters that generate slow slip is widened in the presence of a serpentinized layer along the subduction plate interface. We observe increased stability and damping of fast ruptures in a semi-brittle fault zone governed by both brittle and viscoelastic constitutive response. The rate of viscous serpentinite flow, governed by dislocation creep, is enhanced by high ambient temperatures. When effective viscosity is taken to be dynamic, long-term slow slip events spontaneously emerge. Integration of rheology, thermal effects, and other microphysical processes with rate-and-state friction may yield further insight into the phenomenology of slow slip.The dynamics of fault slip at subduction zones can assume a wide range of behaviors. A continuum of slip modes that includes fast earthquakes, slow-slip events, and stable creep determines seismic hazards 1,2 . Along the megathrust, earthquakes, very low frequency earthquakes, and tsunami earthquakes are typically found updip of the continental Mohorovicic (Moho) discontinuity. In contrast, slow-slip events are often found close to or below the continental Moho depth at many subduction zones around the circum-Pacific seismic belt 3 , even though some happen at shallow depth, notably in New Zealand 4-6 and Costa Rica 7,8 . Slow-slip events at subduction zones worldwide often embody similar, characteristic features [9][10][11][12][13] . In particular, we observe small stress drops in the range 10-200 kPa, short recurrence times of a few months to a few years, and sometimes more regular periodicity than for earthquakes 14 . Some characteristics of slow-slip events can be explained within the context of rate-and-state friction 15,16 with conditionally stable behavior [17][18][19][20][21] . Runaway frictional instabilities require a critical size for nucleation that depends on the frictional parameters and the effective confining pressure. For sufficiently small velocity-weakening asperities, only creep spontaneously occurs. Slow-slip events emerge spontaneously when the asperity size is commensurate to critical nucleation size 22 . As slow-slip events are now found close to universally at subduction zones [23][24][25][26][27][28] , it is unrealistic to expect the same combination of parameters across widely distant regions (Fig. 1A). Several authors developed and investigated other friction l...

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Large-scale dynamic triggering of shallow slow slip enhanced by overlying sedimentary wedge

Cited by 138 publications

References 47 publications

Nonlinear dynamical analysis of GNSS data: quantification, precursors and synchronisation

Nonlinear dynamical analysis of GNSS data: quantification, precursors and synchronisation

Non-stationary ETAS to model earthquake occurrences affected by episodic aseismic transients

Slow-slip events in semi-brittle serpentinite fault zones

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