Large-Scale Cycle Architecture in Continental Strata, Hornelen Basin (Devonian), Norway

Anderson, Donna S.; Cross, Timothy A.

doi:10.1306/080400710255

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…sea-level) fluctuations, with the exception of the Sydney Mines Formation. The application of the A/S ratio has been utilized by a number of authors working in continental successions (Legarreta & Uliana, 1998;Martinsen et al, 1999;Anderson & Cross, 2001;Jo, 2003;Scherer et al, 2007). In general, a positive A/S ratio above 1 represents periods when sediment Fig.…”

Section: Controls On Depositional Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Onset of active basin subsidence results in the expansion of distal floodplain deposits under A/S ratios ca 1. This is followed by a decrease in A/S ratios as the result of increased sediment supply from rejuvenated source areas and progradation of proximal fluvial systems (Blair & Bilodeau, 1988;Crews & Ethridge, 1993;Arche & L opez-G omez, 1999;Martinsen et al, 1999;Anderson & Cross, 2001;Jo, 2003;Zaleha, 2006). The absence of similar alternating packages within the Colindale Member of the Port Hood Formation may reflect either the overall high A/S ratio associated with the upper portion of a second-order sequence, the steadier and more constant subsidence generated by halokinesis as episodic fault movement waned, or a combination of both factors.…”

Section: Tectonismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recognizing products of palaeoclimate fluctuation in the fluvial stratigraphic record: An example from the Pennsylvanian to Lower Permian of Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia

et al. 2014

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Tectonics and climate are the major extrinsic upstream controls on both the external and internal architectures of fluvial channels. While the role of tectonics has been well‐documented, the role of climate has received less attention. Because both tectonics and climate can produce similar stratigraphic architectures, the ability to recognize and differentiate these has major ramifications for the interpretation of fluvial stratigraphy. The Pennsylvanian to Permian succession of the Maritimes Basin complex on Cape Breton Island is ca 5 km thick, and is composed of predominantly non‐marine strata deposited within a series of depocentres characterized by different subsidence regimes. Basins in the west are transtensional depocentres characterized by episodic fault movement. In contrast, basins in the east were formed during prolonged periods of passive thermal subsidence. The stratigraphy is composed of four second‐order sequences (A to D), each 5 to 10 Myr in duration. These sequences are composed of amalgamated fluvial channel deposits that fine upwards into extensive mud‐dominated floodplain deposits with isolated fluvial channel bodies. A spectrum of fluvial styles is recorded within the study area including perennial, perennial/intermittent and ephemeral. Four stratigraphic intervals (E1 to E4) are recognized in which the deposits of strongly seasonal perennial/intermittent fluvial deposits are predominant. These intervals, 2 to 6 Myr in duration, are correlated across the study area between basins with differing tectonic regimes and do not correlate with a particular position in second‐order sequences. This suggests that climate exerted the dominant influence on the formation of these intervals and can be differentiated from tectonic imprints. While the tectonic regime of a particular basin exerted a fundamental control on the external architecture, a coherent record of climate change is recognized in the internal architecture of fluvial units. This study demonstrates that tectonic and climatic controls can be recognized and differentiated in vertical successions by evaluating the changes in fluvial architecture.

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Section: Controls On Depositional Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tectonismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recognizing products of palaeoclimate fluctuation in the fluvial stratigraphic record: An example from the Pennsylvanian to Lower Permian of Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia

et al. 2014

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“…Such features are indeed observed on alluvial‐fan successions in the Ebro and Teruel basins of northern and central Spain. Similar aggradational architectures have been directly or indirectly described in alluvial‐fan deposits from other closed continental basins, such as modern Death Valley in California (Hooke, ), the Plio‐Pleistocene Vera Basin of southern Spain (Stokes & Mather, ) and the Devonian Hornelen Basin of Norway (Steel et al ., ; Gloppen & Steel, ; Anderson & Cross, ). In the latter two cases, the stratigraphic record of alluvial fans is characterized by lack of major incisions, lateral continuity of clastic units over hundreds of metres, and response to tectonic cycles by aggradation of compositionally or texturally distinctive packages, but without localized degradation and bypass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autogenic dynamics of alluvial fans in endorheic basins: Outcrop examples and stratigraphic significance

Ventra

Nichols

2013

Sedimentology

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Alluvial fans are relatively simple depositional systems, due to the direct coupling of sediment sources and adjacent accumulation areas. Nonetheless, general models of alluvial-fan evolution and stratigraphy remain elusive, due to the great sensitivity of such systems to allogenic controls and their strongly case-specific responses. Autogenic processes intrinsic to alluvial-fan dynamics can complicate stratigraphic architectures, with effects not easily distinguishable from those of allogenic forcing. A distinction is made here between lateral autogenic dynamics, tied to spatial sediment distribution over fan surfaces, and vertical autogenic dynamics, related to independent incision-aggradation cycles. Autogenic mechanisms have been highlighted recently by modelling studies, but remain poorly constrained in field-based studies. Examples are presented here from the margins of the Cenozoic Teruel and Ebro basins (Spain), where alluvial fans accumulated thick successions during phases of basin topographic closure and endorheic drainage which promoted forced aggradation. Fan successions consist of conformable architectures of stacked clastic sheets, laterally continuous and with no evidence of internal unconformities, inset architectures, fan segmentation or preserved incised channels. Continuous aggradation in these closed basins strongly inhibited 'vertical' autogenic dynamics in the form of fan head and through fan incision, due to the forced rise in geomorphic base level and the creation of positive accommodation. Furthermore, the lack of incised channels favoured widespread sediment transport and aggradation over broad fan sectors in relatively short time spans, in contrast to the typical occurrence of active lobes and abandoned fan surfaces caused by 'lateral' autogenic dynamics. Stratigraphic records of alluvial fans developed in endorheic basins are essentially complete and largely unaffected by autogenic processes. The latter characteristic implies that they can be more unambiguously interpreted in terms of allogenic forcing, because stratigraphic signatures are not complicated by the effects of complex fan autodynamics.

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“…The non-cohesive debris-£ow-dominated alluvial fan type mostly displays non-cohesive debris-£ow deposits (lithofacies 1a, 1c) and subordinate mud£ow deposits (lithofacies 4). Gullies, erosion scours later ¢lled with debris-£ow deposits and deposition of stream £ow sediments (lithofacies 5) are evidence for signi¢cant surface runo¡ (Anderson & Cross, 2001;Viseras et al, 2003). 10a).…”

Section: Development Of Alluvial Fan Systems Depositional Modelsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Erosive-based debris-£ow conglomerates alternate with ¢ne-grained £oodplain deposits including abundant carbonate palaeosols. Gullies, erosion scours later ¢lled with debris-£ow deposits and deposition of stream £ow sediments (lithofacies 5) are evidence for signi¢cant surface runo¡ (Anderson & Cross, 2001;Viseras et al, 2003). The proximal area of the fans is not preserved at the basin margin but must have existed to Interpretation Alluvial fan type matrix-rich (445%) (Fig.…”

Section: Development Of Alluvial Fan Systems Depositional Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alluvial fan development and morpho‐tectonic evolution in response to contractional fault reactivation (Late Cretaceous–Palaeocene), Provence, France

Leleu

Ghienne²,

Manatschal³

2009

Basin Research

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Along-strike variability within a Late Cretaceous to early Palaeocene contractional growth structure and associated alluvial fan deposits is documented at the northern margin of the Arc Basin (Provence, SE France).This contribution shows that alluvial fans can be used as high-resolution proxies to reconstruct structural segmentation and palaeo -geomorphological evolution of a source/basin margin system. Facies-based reconstruction allows the spatial and temporal distribution of alluvial fan bodies to be mapped. Relationships between fan area and catchment size from modern alluvial fan systems were used to estimate palaeo -catchment size. Combining alluvial fan morphologies with catchment area, pebble provenance analysis and growth structure reconstruction, we show that: (1) fan distribution and related depositional processes were strongly in£uenced by intrinsic parameters such as drainage basin evolution, local structural inheritance and lateral facies changes in source area lithologies; (2) Inherited structures trending N100 e¡ectively controlled the ¢rst-order location of the fold and thrust structures (Montagne Sainte-Victoire Range) and adjacent depositional areas (Arc Basin); (3) Syn-sedimentary faults trending N010-030 in£uenced the source/basin margin development and interacted with developing growth structures; (4) Facies changes in Jurassic carbonates controlled fold development and consequently the structural evolution of the source area; and (5) the N010-030 faults and along-strike variability of the source/basin margin system were ultimately controlled by basement structures that controlled where Late Cretaceous deformation nucleated.The overall architecture of the source/basin margin system re£ects segmentation and strain partitioning along strike, as demonstrated by diachronous alluvial fan distribution.

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Large-Scale Cycle Architecture in Continental Strata, Hornelen Basin (Devonian), Norway

Cited by 23 publications

References 23 publications

Recognizing products of palaeoclimate fluctuation in the fluvial stratigraphic record: An example from the Pennsylvanian to Lower Permian of Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia

Recognizing products of palaeoclimate fluctuation in the fluvial stratigraphic record: An example from the Pennsylvanian to Lower Permian of Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia

Autogenic dynamics of alluvial fans in endorheic basins: Outcrop examples and stratigraphic significance

Alluvial fan development and morpho‐tectonic evolution in response to contractional fault reactivation (Late Cretaceous–Palaeocene), Provence, France

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