Large-Scale Common Features of Subtropical Precipitation Zones (the Baiu Frontal Zone, the SPCZ, and the SACZ) Part I: Characteristics of Subtropical Frontal Zones

Kodama, Y.

doi:10.2151/jmsj1965.70.4_813

Cited by 434 publications

(373 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…Regarding the number of events (Figure 2(h)) the months of November to March recorded the highest number of events, which can be directly related to large-scale events such as South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ) events, for example. The SACZ has been subjectively defined as an elongated convective band typically originating in the Amazon basin, extending toward southeast Brazil and protruding into the southeastern subtropical Atlantic Ocean [13,[34][35][36].…”

Section: Annual Cycle Of Precipitating Clouds In Northeast Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reference [7] suggests that climate changes and human interference can result in more heavy rainfall events. These significant events can be caused by disturbances in other systems patterns known as the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) [8], Upper Tropospheric Cyclonic Vortex (VCAN) [9], disturbances in the trade winds [10], squall lines [11], front systems in southern of NEB [12], and South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ) [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climatological Behavior of Precipitating Clouds in the Northeast Region of Brazil

Palharini¹,

Vila²

2017

Advances in Meteorology

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This study aims to analyze the climatological classification of precipitating clouds in the Northeast of Brazil using the radar on board the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite. Thus, for this research a time series of 15 years of satellite data (period 1998-2012) was analyzed in order to identify what types of clouds produce precipitation estimated by Precipitation Radar (PR) and how often these clouds occur. From the results of this work it was possible to estimate the average relative frequency of each type of cloud present in weather systems that influence the Northeast of Brazil. In general, the stratiform clouds and shallow convective clouds are the most frequent in this region, but the associated rainfall is not as abundant as precipitation caused by deep convective clouds. It is also seen that a strong signal of shallow convective clouds modulates rainfall over the coastal areas of Northeast of Brazil and adjacent ocean. In this scenario, the main objective of this study is to contribute to a better understanding of the patterns of cloud types associated with precipitation and building a climatological analysis from the classification of clouds.

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Section: Annual Cycle Of Precipitating Clouds In Northeast Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatological Behavior of Precipitating Clouds in the Northeast Region of Brazil

Palharini¹,

Vila²

2017

Advances in Meteorology

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“…Deep convection organized on the mesoscale is also seen in these areas. It is noteworthy that the confluence at low levels and the 500 hPa trough are signatures of an SACZ episode (Kodama, 1992). Another feature indicative of SACZ is the large horizontal gradient of specific humidity seen in the same general area at 850 hPa and 925 hPa in Figure 7.…”

Section: Synoptic Characteristics On 24 January 1985mentioning

confidence: 88%

Observational study of a rainy January day in the Northeast Brazil semi‐arid region: synoptic and mesoscale characteristics

Aragão

Mendes

Cavalcanti

et al. 2007

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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This is an analysis of the atmospheric structure of a particular rainy day in January 1985, a month of well-above-normal rainfall in the Northeast Brazil semi-arid region. Close attention is given to 24 January 1985, with a focus on the rain structures that are most indicative of the mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) within a radar coverage area centred at Petrolina (9°24 S, 40°30 W), situated in the semi-arid lower-middle portion of the São Francisco River Valley. The contribution of the synoptic environment to the development of these systems is also investigated. C-band meteorological radar, along with surface rain-gauge data (intensities and 24-hour totals), has made possible a diagnosis of the mesoscale structure of the rain systems. Surface data, upper-air data, NCEP/NCAR reanalyses and Meteosat satellite images are employed as well. On the synoptic scale, the results reveal that during the greater part of the month, the area of study was largely influenced not only by the western sector of the South Atlantic upper-tropospheric trough but also by a weak South Atlantic subtropical high, as indicated by surface winds in Petrolina over all quadrants of the wind rose, except for the typical southeasterly winds. On day 24, the upper trough showed high amplitude, whereas the South Atlantic high was weak, as demonstrated by less intense subsidence inversion, high moisture content, and light and variable winds in the mid-to-lower troposphere. Extensive (meso-β-scale), long-lasting stratiform rain areas with embedded convection that became intensified in the mid-to-late afternoon indicated the presence of MCSs. These precipitation areas were dynamically supported by low-level moisture convergence and upward motion on the mesoscale and larger scales, while surface heating due to solar radiation may have been an additional factor for convection growth in the afternoon. A large number of raingauge stations reporting rain and surface rain rates (5-minute duration) higher than 60 mm h −1 gave additional evidence of widespread light (stratiform) and localized intense (convective) rainfall, indicating the presence of MCSs.

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“…A ZCAS consiste de um canal de umidade com origem na região Amazônica, que atinge o Sudeste do Brasil. Segundo Kodama (1992), a ZCAS afeta com maior intensidade as regiões com latitudes entre 10 e 18 o S, sendo sua formação mais comum entre dezembro e janeiro. Os eventos de precipitação associados à ZCAS podem ser de grande magnitude, com grandes volumes de chuva durante vários dias, com alto potencial erosivo, bem como inundações.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Mapeamento de chuvas intensas no estado de Minas Gerais

Mello

Viola

2013

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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RESUMOEstudos associados a chuvas extremas são constituídos de eventos de interesse prático para a gestão dos recursos naturais, como manejo de bacias hidrográficas e conservação dos solos e da água. A distribuição espacial desses eventos possibilita inferir sobre áreas onde sua ocorrência é acentuada e desprovida de informações técnicas. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram promover, a partir de dados pontuais de 177 estações meteorológicas e com a utilização de técnicas geoestatísticas, o mapeamento de chuvas intensas para o Estado de Minas Gerais e identificar as áreas mais vulneráveis no tocante à ocorrência dessas chuvas nesse Estado. Foi constatado que as maiores intensidades ocorrem nas regiões leste e noroeste de Minas Gerais, o que pode ser explicado pela maior influência da Zona de Convergência do Atlântico Sul, além de ocorrência de chuvas convectivas. Foi possível, também, constatar e mapear intensidades intermediárias nas regiões sul e central e os menores valores para as regiões norte e nordeste de Minas Gerais. Para maiores durações, verificou-se, para a região sul, ocorrência de altas intensidades, o que está associado à entrada com maior frequência de frentes frias, produzindo chuvas de longa duração.Termos de indexação: erosão do solo, chuvas intensas, semivariograma cruzado, cokrigagem. SUMMARY: MAPPING OF HEAVY RAINFALLS IN THE STATE OF MINAS GERAISStudies of heavy rainfall are of practical interest for the conservation management of natural resources such as watersheds and soil and water. The spatial distribution of these (1) Recebido para publicação em 02 de fevereiro de 2012 e aprovado em 22 de novembro de 2012.

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Large-Scale Common Features of Subtropical Precipitation Zones (the Baiu Frontal Zone, the SPCZ, and the SACZ) Part I: Characteristics of Subtropical Frontal Zones

Cited by 434 publications

References 39 publications

Climatological Behavior of Precipitating Clouds in the Northeast Region of Brazil

Climatological Behavior of Precipitating Clouds in the Northeast Region of Brazil

Observational study of a rainy January day in the Northeast Brazil semi‐arid region: synoptic and mesoscale characteristics

Mapeamento de chuvas intensas no estado de Minas Gerais

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