Large-scale active slump of the southeastern flank of Pico Island, Azores

Hildenbrand, A.; Marques, F.O.; Catalão, João; Catita, Cristina; Costa, A.C.G.

doi:10.1130/g33303.1

Cited by 56 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Furthermore, the timing of initiation of the slump and the long-term interactions between gradual flank movement, catastrophic flank destabilization, volcanic activity and tectonics remain poorly constrained. Therefore, here we present the reconstruction of this sector of Pico Island, with special focus on the long-term evolution of the currently active large-scale slump that affects its SE flank (Hildenbrand et al, 2012b). We especially constrain with unprecedented temporal resolution the successive steps of evolution of the slump, and the occurrence of catastrophic flank collapse episodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Large-scale mass-wasting on Pico's N flank was interpreted by Costa et al (2014) as resulting from catastrophic collapse(s) towards the N. Pico's S flank is currently affected by an active large-scale slump with subsidence up to 1 cm/yr (Hildenbrand et al, 2012b), which comprises the western remnants of an earlier catastrophic collapse to the S. Though the current topography shows a well-defined scar extending much further to the E of the slump, which is suggestive of a flank collapse, there was until now no evidence of the catastrophic collapse, e.g. a debris deposit on the ocean bottom as recognized and described in the present work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…850 ka ago on the eastern part of Faial Island ( Fig. 1, Hildenbrand et al, 2012a), which has evolved through short periods of voluminous volcanic construction intercalated with longer periods of major destruction by both tectonics and relatively largescale mass-wasting (Hildenbrand et al, 2012a(Hildenbrand et al, , 2012b.The evolution of these steep volcanic ridges appears intimately related to tectonic deformation, which may partly control the successive stages of volcanic growth and repeated episodes of destabilization, e.g., through largescale graben development (Hildenbrand et al, 2012a), flank collapses (Woodhall, 1974;Nunes, 1999;Mitchell, 2003;Mitchell et al, 2008;Costa et al, 2014), or large-scale slumping (Nunes, 1999;Hildenbrand et al, 2012bHildenbrand et al, , 2013Mitchell et al, 2012aMitchell et al, , 2013.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Catastrophic flank collapses and slumping in Pico Island during the last 130 kyr (Pico-Faial ridge, Azores Triple Junction)

Costa

Hildenbrand

Marques

et al. 2015

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catastrophic flank collapses and slumping in Pico Island during the last 130 kyr (Pico-Faial ridge, Azores Triple Junction)

Costa

Hildenbrand

Marques

et al. 2015

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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“…Evidence for subaerial and submarine slope failures was documented on the flanks of the islands of the Cape Verde (Day et al, 1999;Le Bas et al, 2007;Masson et al, 2008) and Azores (Mitchell, 2003;Hildenbrand et al, 2012;Mitchell et al, 2012) archipelagos, although the level of instability, linkage to volcanic processes, and age of individual failures are highly uncertain for both regions. Radar interferometry, GPS networks and field analysis have confirmed the presence of active, but most likely gradual, slumping along the subaerial southern flank of Pico Island in the Azores (Hildenbrand et al, 2012;Mitchell et al, 2012). Evidence of adjacent submarine debris fields is limited and open for debate (e.g., Mitchell et al, 2012).…”

Section: Volcano Collapse In the Azores And Cape Verde Islandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of tsunami hazard to the U.S. Atlantic margin

et al. 2014

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Keywords: submarine landslides meteo-tsunami earthquakes and landslides probabilistic hazard assessment Tsunami hazard is a very low-probability, but potentially high-risk natural hazard, posing unique challenges to scientists and policy makers trying to mitigate its impacts. These challenges are illustrated in this assessment of tsunami hazard to the U.S. Atlantic margin. Seismic activity along the U.S. Atlantic margin in general is low, and confirmed paleo-tsunami deposits have not yet been found, suggesting a very low rate of hazard. However, the devastating 1929 Grand Banks tsunami along the Atlantic margin of Canada shows that these events continue to occur. Densely populated areas, extensive industrial and port facilities, and the presence of ten nuclear power plants along the coast, make this region highly vulnerable to flooding by tsunamis and therefore even lowprobability events need to be evaluated. We can presently draw several tentative conclusions regarding tsunami hazard to the U.S. Atlantic coast. Landslide tsunamis likely constitute the biggest tsunami hazard to the coast. Only a small number of landslides have so far been dated and they are generally older than 10,000 years. The geographical distribution of landslides along the margin is expected to be uneven and to depend on the distribution of seismic activity along the margin and on the geographical distribution of Pleistocene sediment. We do not see evidence that gas hydrate dissociation contributes to the generation of landslides along the U.S. Atlantic margin. Analysis of landslide statistics along the fluvial and glacial portions of the margin indicate that most of the landslides are translational, were probably initiated by seismic acceleration, and failed as aggregate slope failures. How tsunamis are generated from aggregate landslides remains however, unclear. Estimates of the recurrence interval of earthquakes along the continental slope may provide maximum estimates for the recurrence interval of landslide along the margin. Tsunamis caused by atmospheric disturbances and by coastal earthquakes may be more frequent than those generated by landslides, but their amplitudes are probably smaller. Among the possible far-field earthquake sources, only earthquakes located within the Gulf of Cadiz or west of the Tore-Madeira Rise are likely to affect the U.S. coast. It is questionable whether earthquakes on the Puerto Rico Trench are capable of producing a large enough tsunami that will affect the U.S. Atlantic coast. More information is needed to evaluate the seismic potential of the northern Cuba fold-and-thrust belt. The hazard from a volcano flank collapse in the Canary Islands is likely smaller than originally stated, and there is not enough information to evaluate the magnitude and frequency of flank collapse from the Azores Islands. Both deterministic and probabilistic methods to evaluate the tsunami hazard from the margin are available for application to the Atlantic margin, but their implementation requires more information than is c...

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“…by active volcanism (Azores, Canaries Archipelago, Iceland) and potentially able to collapse and produce catastrophic tsunamis as the Cumbre Vieja volcano (Ward and Day, 2001) or the active slump of Pico Island, Azores (Hildebrand et al, 2012).…”

Section: Published By Copernicus Publications On Behalf Of the Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of a tsunami generated at the Lesser Antilles subduction zone on the Northern Atlantic Ocean coastlines

Roger

Frère²,

Hébert

2014

Adv. Geosci.

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Abstract. On 11 March 2011, a M w ∼ 9.0 megathrust earthquake occurred off the coast of Tohoku, triggering a catastrophic tsunami reaching heights of 10 m and more in some places and resulting in lots of casualties and destructions. It is one of a handful of catastrophic tsunamis having occurred during the last decade, following the 2004 Indonesian tsunami, and leading to the preparation of tsunami warning systems and evacuation plans all around the world. In the Atlantic Ocean, which has been struck by two certified transoceanic tsunamis over the past centuries (the 1755 "Lisbon" and 1929 Grand Banks events), a warning system is also under discussion, especially for what concerns potential tsunamigenic sources off Iberian Peninsula. In addition, the Lesser Antilles subduction zone is also potentially able to generate powerful megathrust ruptures as the 8 February 1843 M w ∼ 8.0/8.5 earthquake, that could trigger devastating tsunamis propagating across the Northern Atlantic Ocean. The question is in which conditions these tsunamis could be able to reach the Oceanic Islands as well as the eastern shores of the Atlantic Ocean, and what could be the estimated times to react and wave heights to expect? This paper attempts to answer those questions through the use of numerical modelings and recent research results about the Lesser Antilles ability to produce megathrust earthquakes.

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Large-scale active slump of the southeastern flank of Pico Island, Azores

Cited by 56 publications

References 33 publications

Catastrophic flank collapses and slumping in Pico Island during the last 130 kyr (Pico-Faial ridge, Azores Triple Junction)

Catastrophic flank collapses and slumping in Pico Island during the last 130 kyr (Pico-Faial ridge, Azores Triple Junction)

Assessment of tsunami hazard to the U.S. Atlantic margin

Impact of a tsunami generated at the Lesser Antilles subduction zone on the Northern Atlantic Ocean coastlines

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