Large oscillatory forces generated by interfacial water under lateral modulation between two hydrophilic surfaces

Kim, Byung-Il; Rasmussen, Jared A.; Kim, Edward

doi:10.1063/1.3662008

Cited by 17 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…For the collection of force-distance curves, the force-feedback voltage (V ZnO ) was recorded as a function of distance between the probe and the sample surface during both approach and retraction of the piezo tube [11,13]. We obtained force-distance curves under the off-feedback condition by sweeping the computer-controlled input of a z high-voltage amplifier.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2(a). The periodicity was calculated to be ~3 nm, possibly suggesting distancedependent structural transition [12,13] of the water meniscus. In contrast, the periodic feature was absent in the force-distance curve on retraction.…”

Section: (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…fundamental interfacial interactions at nanometer scales [11][12][13]. The COIFM utilizes a force-feedback technique to avoid the rapid snap-to-contact process associated with AFM measurement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By employing a feedback scheme, the spring constant can be considered infinite due to the counter force. It has proven its ability to simultaneously measure normal and friction forces between two surfaces at the nanometer scale in ambient environments using lateral modulation [12,13]. The COIFM was later adapted for high-speed AFM (HSAFM) imaging of large-scale biological specimens through the force-feedback scheme [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging stability in force-feedback high-speed atomic force microscopy

Kim

Boehm

2013

Ultramicroscopy

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We studied the stability of force-feedback high-speed atomic force microscopy (HSAFM) by imaging soft, hard, and biological sample surfaces at various applied forces. The HSAFM images showed sudden topographic variations of streaky fringes with a negative applied force when collected on a soft hydrocarbon film grown on a grating sample, whereas they showed stable topographic features with positive applied forces. The instability of HSAFM images with the negative applied force was explained by the transition between contact and noncontact regimes in the force-distance curve. When the grating surface was cleaned, and thus hydrophilic by removing the hydrocarbon film, enhanced imaging stability was observed at both positive and negative applied forces. The higher adhesive interaction between the tip and the surface explains the improved imaging stability. The effects of imaging rate on the imaging stability were tested on an even softer adhesive Escherichia coli biofilm deposited onto the grating structure. The biofilm and planktonic cell structures in HSAFM images were reproducible within the force deviation less than ~0.5 nN at the imaging rate up to 0.2 s per frame, suggesting that the force-feedback HSAFM was stable for various imaging speeds in imaging softer adhesive biological samples.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging stability in force-feedback high-speed atomic force microscopy

Kim

Boehm

2013

Ultramicroscopy

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“…Since its development, the COIFM's improved interfacial force resolution in air has been demonstrated by observing large oscillatory forces generated by interfacial water under lateral modulation between two hydrophilic surfaces. 11,12 The COIFM has also been applied to the investigation of the mechanical properties of soft materials, 13 and its use of force feedback has been applied to high-speed atomic force microscopy to image biofilms at a rate of one frame per second. 14 The force resolution of the COIFM in these measurements was 150 pN, two orders of magnitude better than the 10 nN in IFM.…”

confidence: 99%

Cantilever-based optical interfacial force microscope in liquid using an optical-fiber tip

et al. 2013

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We developed a novel cantilever-based optical interfacial force microscope (COIFM) to study molecular interaction in liquid environments. The force sensor was created by attaching a chemically etched optical-fiber tip to the force sensor with UV epoxy, and characterized by imaging on a calibration grid. The performance of the COIFM was then demonstrated by measuring the force between two oxidized silicon surfaces in 1 mM KCl as a function of distance. The result was consistent with previously reported electrical double layer forces, suggesting that a COIFM using an optical-fiber tip is capable of measuring force in a liquid environment

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Mechanical Property Investigation of Soft Materials by Cantilever‐Based Optical Interfacial Force Microscopy

Kim¹,

Boehm²

2012

Scanning

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Cantilever-based optical interfacial force microscopy (COIFM) was applied to the investigation of the mechanical properties of soft materials to avoid the double-spring effect and snap-to-contact problem associated with atomic force microscopy (AFM). When a force was measured as a function of distance between an oxidized silicon probe and the surface of a soft hydrocarbon film, it increases nonlinearly in the lower force region below ∼10 nN, following the Herzian model with the elastic modulus of ∼50 MPa. Above ∼10 nN, it increases linearly with a small oscillatory sawtooth pattern with amplitude 1-2 nN. The pattern suggests the possible existence of the layered structure within the film. When its internal part of the film was exposed to the probe, the force depends on the distance linearly with an adhesive force of -20 nN. This linear dependence suggests that the adhesive internal material behaved like a linear spring with a spring constant of ∼1 N/m. Constant-force images taken in the repulsive and attractive contact regimes revealed additional features that were not observed in the images taken in the noncontact regime. At some locations, however, contrast inversions were observed between the two contact regimes while the average roughness remained constant. The result suggests that some embedded materials had spring constants different from those of the surrounding material. This study demonstrated that the COIFM is capable of imaging mechanical properties of local structures such as small impurities and domains at the nanometer scale, which is a formidable challenge with conventional AFM methods.

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Large oscillatory forces generated by interfacial water under lateral modulation between two hydrophilic surfaces

Abstract: From boundary to thin film lubrication under water: Influence of surface hydrophilicity on adsorbed water layer

Cited by 17 publications

References 14 publications

Imaging stability in force-feedback high-speed atomic force microscopy

Imaging stability in force-feedback high-speed atomic force microscopy

Cantilever-based optical interfacial force microscope in liquid using an optical-fiber tip

Mechanical Property Investigation of Soft Materials by Cantilever‐Based Optical Interfacial Force Microscopy

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