Large energetic adaptations of elderly muscle to resistance and endurance training

Jubrias, Sharon A.; Esselman, Peter C.; Price, Lance B.; Cress, M. Elaine; Conley, Kevin E.

doi:10.1152/jappl.2001.90.5.1663

Cited by 167 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Physical exercise is the only intervention thus far that has been shown to significantly improve muscle strength in older individuals (Latham et al ., 2004). In addition, there is literature support for the positive role of resistance exercise and elevated levels of aerobic physical activity on mitochondrial content and function in the elderly (McCully et al ., 1993; Brierley et al ., 1996; Jubrias et al ., 2001), presenting a coherent picture with our current results. Together, these studies provide strong support for exploration of such interventions as an important prescriptive step in retaining functional mobility and independence with aging.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Muscle strength mediates the relationship between mitochondrial energetics and walking performance

et al. 2017

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SummarySkeletal muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity declines with age and negatively affects walking performance, but the mechanism for this association is not fully clear. We tested the hypothesis that impaired oxidative capacity affects muscle performance and, through this mechanism, has a negative effect on walking speed. Muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity was measured by in vivo phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy as the postexercise phosphocreatine resynthesis rate, kPC r, in 326 participants (154 men), aged 24–97 years (mean 71), in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Muscle strength and quality were determined by knee extension isokinetic strength, and the ratio of knee extension strength to thigh muscle cross‐sectional area derived from computed topography, respectively. Four walking tasks were evaluated: a usual pace over 6 m and for 150 s, and a rapid pace over 6 m and 400 m. In multivariate linear regression analyses, kPC r was associated with muscle strength (β = 0.140, P = 0.007) and muscle quality (β = 0.127, P = 0.022), independent of age, sex, height, and weight; muscle strength was also a significant independent correlate of walking speed (P < 0.02 for all tasks) and in a formal mediation analysis significantly attenuated the association between kPC r and three of four walking tasks (18–29% reduction in β for kPC r). This is the first demonstration in human adults that mitochondrial function affects muscle strength and that inefficiency in muscle bioenergetics partially accounts for differences in mobility through this mechanism.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Muscle strength mediates the relationship between mitochondrial energetics and walking performance

et al. 2017

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“…15 Cellular oxidative capacity was also enhanced after 6 months of aerobic and resistance training in older patients. 16 Since aerobic training in older men was shown not to affect blood volume 4 and cardiac stroke volume at a given intensity of exercise, 17 the increase in V · O 2peak is likely caused by an accelerated oxygen extraction rate in thigh muscle rather than by increased oxygen delivery due to increased maximal cardiac output.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of High-Intensity Interval Walking Training on Physical Fitness and Blood Pressure in Middle-Aged and Older People

Nemoto

Genno

Masuki

et al. 2007

Mayo Clinic Proceedings

179

145

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KEN-ICHI NEMOTO, MS; HIROKAZU GEN-NO, PHD; SHIZUE MASUKI, PHD; KAZUNOBU OKAZAKI, PHD; AND HIROSHI NOSE, MD, PHD OBJECTIVE: To examine whether high-intensity interval walking training increased thigh muscle strength and peak aerobic capacity and reduced blood pressure more than moderateintensity continuous walking training. From May 18, 2004, to October 15, 2004 (5-month study period), 60 men and 186 women with a mean ± SD age of 63±6 years were randomly divided into 3 groups: no walking training, moderate-intensity continuous walking training, and high-intensity interval walking training. Participants in the moderate-intensity continuous walking training group were instructed to walk at approximately 50% of their peak aerobic capacity for walking, using a pedometer to verify that they took 8000 steps or more per day for 4 or more days per week. Those in the high-intensity interval walking training group, who were monitored by accelerometry, were instructed to repeat 5 or more sets of 3-minute low-intensity walking at 40% of peak aerobic capacity for walking followed by a 3-minute high-intensity walking above 70% of peak aerobic capacity for walking per day for 4 or more days per week. Isometric knee extension and flexion forces, peak aerobic capacity for cycling, and peak aerobic capacity for walking were all measured both before and after training. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: RESULTS:The targets were met by 9 of 25 men and 37 of 59 women in the no walking training group, by 8 of 16 men and 43 of 59 women in the moderate-intensity continuous walking training group, and by 11 of 19 men and 31 of 68 women in the highintensity interval walking training group. In the high-intensity interval walking training group, isometric knee extension increased by 13%, isometric knee flexion by 17%, peak aerobic capacity for cycling by 8%, and peak aerobic capacity for walking by 9% (all, P<.001), all of which were significantly greater than the increases observed in the moderate-intensity continuous walking training group (all, P<.01). Moreover, the reduction in resting systolic blood pressure was higher for the high-intensity interval walking training group (P=.01).CONCLUSION: High-intensity interval walking may protect against age-associated increases in blood pressure and decreases in thigh muscle strength and peak aerobic capacity.

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“…13 The lactate/pyruvate (LP) ratio is an established indirect serum marker of mitochondrial dysfunction, 13,14 as the impaired oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria is associated with excessive hydrolysis of ATP and production of more protons, which drives the equilibrium reaction from pyruvate to lactate, leading to an increased LP Physical Activity and Endothelial Function ratio. 13, 14 Although exercise training has been reported to augment mitochondrial content and function in human skeletal muscle, [15][16][17] there is limited evidence on whether physical activity modulates mitochondrial function in high-risk CAD patients. Therefore, we hypothesized that the endothelial dysfunction associated with lower PAL is related to the occurrence of mitochondrial dysfunction.…”

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confidence: 99%

Association of Lower Habitual Physical Activity Level With Mitochondrial and Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease

Luk

Dai

Siu

et al. 2012

Circ J

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Background:Exercise training improves endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) through unclear mechanisms. We hypothesized that mitochondrial dysfunction related to a lower habitual physical activity level (PAL) is associated with endothelial dysfunction. Methods and Results:We assessed habitual PAL by a validated International Physical Activity Questionnaire, brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and serum lactate, pyruvate, fasting glucose and lipid profiles in 105 CAD patients (age 68±10; 87% men). As defined by the lactate/pyruvate ratio (LP ratio) ≥75 th percentile of the age-and sex-matched controls (ie, ≥18), mitochondrial dysfunction was observed in 33/105 (31%) patients. With decreasing PAL tertiles, there were significant linear trends of lower FMD (P=0.004) and higher LP ratio (P=0.009). Multivariate logistic regression found that the lowest compared with the highest PAL tertile (adjusted odds ratio=3.78, P=0.02) had more patients with high LP ratio. After adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors and medications, the lowest compared to the highest PAL tertile had significantly lower FMD (absolute decrease 1.25%, P=0.03); and high LP ratio was associated with impaired FMD (absolute reduction 1.09%, P=0.03). Conclusions:In CAD patients, a lower level of habitual PAL is associated with impaired FMD and increased prevalence of mitochondrial dysfunction as defined by high LP ratio. Moreover, high LP ratio predicts a lower FMD, suggesting that the occurrence of mitochondrial dysfunction with lower habitual PAL is associated with endothelial dysfunction in CAD patients. (Circ J 2012; 76: 2572 - 2578

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Large energetic adaptations of elderly muscle to resistance and endurance training

Cited by 167 publications

References 54 publications

Muscle strength mediates the relationship between mitochondrial energetics and walking performance

Muscle strength mediates the relationship between mitochondrial energetics and walking performance

Effects of High-Intensity Interval Walking Training on Physical Fitness and Blood Pressure in Middle-Aged and Older People

Association of Lower Habitual Physical Activity Level With Mitochondrial and Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease

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