Large electric field-induced strain and large improvement in energy density of bismuth sodium potassium titanate-based piezoelectric ceramics

A review on giant piezoelectric coefficient, materials and applications

“…In fact, the microstructure as well as transport properties can be well controlled by means of grain orientation even in the case of absence of doping element. This will not affect the phase transition temperatures (T c ) [3,4]. The piezometer (Fig.2) includes a sample holder in which the sample in the form of ceramics, polymers and thin films.…”

“…Comparatively, this was smaller than the d 33 of BT & PT which suggested moderate piezoelectric efficiency. Therefore, it was expected for ferroelectric and piezoelectric device applications [63]. For further increase of d 33 value, several additives were mixed to the BIT.…”

“…As a result, few elements such as Sr, Na, Nd, K etc., were doped to BIT. The obtained d 33 data werelisted in Table.3 [62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71]. It was clear from Table.3 that the d 33 of BIT based samples was observed to be changing from 17 to 650 pC/N.…”

“…In view of this, different applications were noticed in distinct industries like computer, automotive, medical, military, consumer etc [2]. Specifically, these are of high performance multilayer piezoelectric actuators (MPAs), ultrasonic transducers, communication circuit components, sensors, accelerators, filters, resonators, ultrasonic motors, energy harvesters, microelectromechanical systems (MEMSs) etc [2][3][4][5]. These applications are mainly dependent on various piezoelectric characteristics such as electromechanical communication (K p ), relative dielectric permeability (ε T 33 /ε o ), specific volume electric resistance (ρv), density (ρ), water absorption (W), piezo-modules in a dynamic mode (d 31 , d 33 ), piezo-modules in a static mode (d 31 ), young's modulus (Y Y 31 ), speed of sound (υ j i ), good mechanical quality (Q M ), relative frequency deviation in the range of working temperatures from the frequency measured at the adjustment temperature (δ Ѳ f/f r ), corner of dielectric loss tangent in weak electric fields (tg δ), electrical durability (E np ), Curie temperature (T c ), mechanical durability limit with static compression (σ compre ), mechanical durability limit with static bending (σ b ), mechanical durability limit with static stretching (σ s ) [6].…”

Effect of barium iron tantalate incorporation on mechanical, electrical, and magnetocapacitance properties of modified bismuth sodium potassium titanate ceramics

“…Furthermore, the modified BNT materials present many interesting properties. Many authors have reported that bismuth sodium potassium titanate or Bi 0.5 (Na 1−x K x ) 0.5 TiO 3 (BNKT) ceramics, a modified BNT, possess many desire properties as compared to the pure BNT ceramic [4][5][6][7]. Jaita et al [6] reported that BNKT modified by barium strontium titanate ((Ba 0.70 Sr 0.30 )TiO 3 ) or BNKT-BST showed many good electrical properties such as high electric field-induced strain response.…”