Large canopy and animal‐dispersed species facilitate natural regeneration in tropical forest restoration

Mendes, Lara Modesto; César, Ricardo G.; Uezu, Alexandre; Beltrame, Tiago Pavan; Rodriguez, Luiz Carlos Estraviz; Gomes, Haroldo Borges; Cullen, Laury

doi:10.1111/rec.13406

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Seed dispersal in the tropics is often animal-controlled and can facilitate maintenance of forest plant diversity and acceleration of tree species community turnover [ 117 ]. Large mammals are important dispersers of large-seeded tree species [ 119 ] and can assist natural forest regeneration pathways [ 120 ]. These faunal impacts on forest restoration have rarely been quantified, making understanding mechanisms of faunal influence and their importance challenging.…”

Section: Essential Science Advancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fifteen essential science advances needed for effective restoration of the world's forest landscapes

Marshall

Waite

Pfeifer

et al. 2022

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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There has never been a more pressing and opportune time for science and practice to collaborate towards restoration of the world's forests. Multiple uncertainties remain for achieving successful, long-term forest landscape restoration (FLR). In this article, we use expert knowledge and literature review to identify knowledge gaps that need closing to advance restoration practice, as an introduction to a landmark theme issue on FLR and the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration. Aligned with an Adaptive Management Cycle for FLR, we identify 15 essential science advances required to facilitate FLR success for nature and people. They highlight that the greatest science challenges lie in the conceptualization, planning and assessment stages of restoration, which require an evidence base for why, where and how to restore, at realistic scales. FLR and underlying sciences are complex, requiring spatially explicit approaches across disciplines and sectors, considering multiple objectives, drivers and trade-offs critical for decision-making and financing. The developing tropics are a priority region, where scientists must work with stakeholders across the Adaptive Management Cycle. Clearly communicated scientific evidence for action at the outset of restoration planning will enable donors, decision makers and implementers to develop informed objectives, realistic targets and processes for accountability. This article paves the way for 19 further articles in this theme issue, with author contributions from across the world. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Understanding forest landscape restoration: reinforcing scientific foundations for the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration’.

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Section: Essential Science Advancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fifteen essential science advances needed for effective restoration of the world's forest landscapes

Marshall

Waite

Pfeifer

et al. 2022

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…If, instead, natural regeneration depends on the identity and composition of planted trees on the basis of, e.g. differences in soil nutrient inputs (Boley et al 2009; Celentano et al 2011), allelopathic effects (Reigosa et al 2000), or visitation by seed dispersers (Parrotta 1995; Mendes et al 2021) and predators, then restoration type would be expected to have a stronger influence on regeneration relative to shade alone. Moreover, differences in overstory species can also drive variation in the composition of regenerating communities (Farwig et al 2009; Wills et al 2017; Jayawardhane & Gunaratne 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canopy cover and ecological restoration increase natural regeneration of rainforest trees in the Western Ghats, India

Osuri

Mudappa

Kasinathan

et al. 2021

Restoration Ecology

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Restoration of canopy cover through tree planting can assist in overcoming barriers to natural regeneration and catalyze recovery of degraded tropical forests. India has made international pledges to restore millions of hectares of degraded forests by 2030, but lacks empirical research on regeneration under different types of planted and natural overstories to guide this mission. We conducted a field study (65 plots of 25 m2) to examine the influence of overstory type and canopy cover on naturally regenerating tree seedlings across degraded rainforests (DRs), mixed‐native species ecological restoration (ER) sites, monoculture eucalypt plantations (MP), and mature “benchmark” rainforests (BR) in the Western Ghats mountains of peninsular India. ER had higher native tree seedling densities and recovered community composition toward BR levels compared to DR, while communities in MP shifted in the opposite direction. Densities of native late‐successional species increased with canopy cover (particularly in ER), but greater canopy cover was also associated with increases in alien species, a few of which are shade‐tolerant. Further, in a nursery experiment comprising four rainforest species, seed germination and early survival increased with shade, but did not vary across soils originating from DR, ER, and MP. Our findings show that while improving canopy cover is important, doing so by planting diverse native species, and controlling invasive alien species, can benefit rainforest recovery in DR fragments. Conversely, planting non‐native monocultures in degraded forests, which is a prevalent practice in India, could prove counterproductive for forest recovery in the long term.

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“…Contudo, as diferentes respostas à sobrevivência inicial das espécies e o fato dessa sobrevivência aparentemente não estar relacionada ao ritmo de crescimento, sugerem que uma maior diversidade de espécies em plantios de restauração florestal, com a inclusão de espécies de crescimento lento, ao contrário do esperado, não ocasionaria maiores mortalidades, que por usa vez poderiam comprometer a estruturação inicial. Além disso, a presença de espécies tardias e de crescimento lento, por sua vez, poderão beneficiar e facilitar a condução da restauração, além de contribuir com a longevidade da floresta (Mendes et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Otimizando plantios de restauração florestal com alta diversidade: estratégias para inserir espécies arbóreas de crescimento lento

Chiarotto

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Otimizando plantios de restauração florestal com alta diversidade: estratégias para inserir espécies arbóreas de crescimento lento/ Aline Beatriz Seriani Chiarotto. --Piracicaba, 2023. p.Dissertação (Mestrado) --USP / Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz".1. Restauração ecológica 2. Espécies não pioneiras 3. Ritmo de crescimento 4. Grupos sucessionais. I. Título: Otimizando plantios de restauração florestal com alta diversidade: estratégias para inserir espécies arbóreas de crescimento lento. AGRADECIMENTOSAgradeço a Deus por todo conhecimento, possibilidades e caminhos que me trouxeram até aqui.Agradeço a comunidade científica que contribui com a restauração de florestas, que cada vez mais tem crescido e impactado o planeta e os seres vivos que nela habitam. Fazer parte dessa mudança, é algo incrível e me sinto completamente lisonjeada de contribuir com as ações de recuperação de ecossistemas.Agradeço minha ex -professora Érica Hasui, que foi muito importante para que eu despertasse meu interesse pela pesquisa científica, sempre me incentivou a trilhar os caminhos da restauração florestal.Meu muito obrigado ao Prof. Dr. Ricardo Viani, pela paciência, empatia e ensinamentos.Obrigada pela excelente orientação e estar sempre a disposição em todas as minhas (muitas) dúvidas, acreditar em minha capacidade e ser sempre muito atencioso e generoso comigo.

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Large canopy and animal‐dispersed species facilitate natural regeneration in tropical forest restoration

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Fifteen essential science advances needed for effective restoration of the world's forest landscapes

Fifteen essential science advances needed for effective restoration of the world's forest landscapes

Canopy cover and ecological restoration increase natural regeneration of rainforest trees in the Western Ghats, India

Otimizando plantios de restauração florestal com alta diversidade: estratégias para inserir espécies arbóreas de crescimento lento

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