Large Area Ultrathin InN and Tin Doped InN Nanosheets Featuring 2D Electron Gases

Abstract

Indium nitride (InN) has been of significant interest for creating and studying two-dimensional electron gases (2DEG). Herein we demonstrate the formation of 2DEGs in ultrathin doped and undoped 2D InN nanosheets featuring high carrier mobilities at room temperature. The synthesis is carried out via a two-step liquid metal-based printing method followed by a microwave plasma-enhanced nitridation reaction. Ultrathin InN nanosheets with a thickness of ∼2 ± 0.2 nm were isolated over large areas with lateral dimensions exceeding centimeter scale. Room temperature Hall effect measurements reveal carrier mobilities of ∼216 and ∼148 cm2 V–1 s–1 for undoped and doped InN, respectively. Further analysis suggests the presence of defined quantized states in these ultrathin nitride nanosheets that can be attributed to a 2D electron gas forming due to strong out-of-plane confinement. Overall, the combination of electronic and plasmonic features in undoped and doped ultrathin 2D InN holds promise for creating advanced optoelectronic devices and functional 2D heterostructures.

Room-Temperature Optoelectronic NO2 Sensing Using Two-Dimensional Gallium Oxyselenides

“…10,11 This high operating temperature of MOS-based gas sensors is faced with the challenges of safety and energy consumption that makes it difficult to apply in the emerging technologies of 5G and Internet of Things (IoT). 12,13 Two-dimensional (2D) materials, which are defined as a few atomic layers, are often considered to be a potential candidate for future-generation photonics, 14,15 electronics, 16 supercapacitors, 17 and catalysts 18 due to their distinctive morphological, electronic, physiochemical, and optical properties. 19−22 Thanks to the merits of large surface areas and numerous active sites, 2D materials including, but not limited to, graphene, 23 boron nitride, 24 violet phosphorus, 25 and MXene 26 have been increasing interest in the application of gas sensing.…”

“…Two-dimensional (2D) materials, which are defined as a few atomic layers, are often considered to be a potential candidate for future-generation photonics, , electronics, supercapacitors, and catalysts due to their distinctive morphological, electronic, physiochemical, and optical properties. − Thanks to the merits of large surface areas and numerous active sites, 2D materials including, but not limited to, graphene, boron nitride, violet phosphorus, and MXene have been increasing interest in the application of gas sensing. For example, the violet phosphor with a thickness of 2.16 nm is capable of rapid detection of 50 ppm of dimethylamine gas at room temperature .…”

Liquid metal fabrication of ultrathin Ga2O3 and GaN layers for integrated optics

“…It has recently been shown that 2D materials can be fabricated via the method of 'liquid metal chemistry' (LMC) [28], which promises the integration of 2D materials onto photonic devices with more ease than traditional methods. This method is a two-step process consisting of a liquid metal-based printing method followed by a microwave plasma-enhanced nitridation reaction [29]. The term liquid metals covers metals and metal alloys present in liquid form below approximately 350°C, which includes several post-transition elements, group 12 elements, and their alloys [30].…”

Liquid Metal Interface for Two-Precursor Autogenous Deposition of Metal Telluride–Tellurium Networks

“…These properties make gallium-based alloys particularly suitable for a wide range of applications in flexible electronics and soft robotics alongside chemical and electrochemical processes. − In the context of electrochemistry, one of the most intriguing merits of liquid metals is the dynamic liquid–liquid interface that is established when they are in contact with an immiscible electrolyte . The liquid metal–electrolyte interface offers an atomically smooth yet electrochemically active template for growing or depositing a range of precursors into thin layers, , which presents great tunability for synthesizing materials in the nanoscale. , …”

“…13−15 In the context of electrochemistry, one of the most intriguing merits of liquid metals is the dynamic liquid−liquid interface that is established when they are in contact with an immiscible electrolyte. 16 The liquid metal−electrolyte interface offers an atomically smooth yet electrochemically active template for growing or depositing a range of precursors into thin layers, 17,18 which presents great tunability for synthesizing materials in the nanoscale. 19,20 The liquid metal−electrolyte interface normally provides a highly reducing autogenous surface potential, which is able to reduce a wide range of oxidizing ionic precursors by selecting a suitable electrolyte.…”