Laparoscopic Castration and Sterilization Techniques of the Male Dog

Libermann, Stéphane; Martin, Kyle W.; Fransson, Boel A.

doi:10.1002/9781119666912.ch23

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The three layers of smooth muscle across a folded epithelium with branched microvilli provide a powerful propulsion of sperm at ejaculation ( 147 ). Because the vas deferens is easily located and palpable, vasectomy has become one of the most successful, simple sterilization methods for men ( 148 ) and has also been proposed for use in dogs and cats ( 3 , 149 ). Based on its success in men, there have been numerous attempts to adapt a non-surgical method of vas occlusion by injecting various types of sclerosing agents that induce fibrosis and blockage of the lumen (see Section 3.3.2).…”

Section: Male Reproductive System and Potential Targets For Steriliza...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Male animal sterilization: history, current practices, and potential methods for replacing castration

Hess,

Park,

Soto

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Sterilization and castration have been synonyms for thousands of years. Making an animal sterile meant to render them incapable of producing offspring. Castration or the physical removal of the testes was discovered to be the most simple but reliable method for managing reproduction and sexual behavior in the male. Today, there continues to be global utilization of castration in domestic animals. More than six hundred million pigs are castrated every year, and surgical removal of testes in dogs and cats is a routine practice in veterinary medicine. However, modern biological research has extended the meaning of sterilization to include methods that spare testis removal and involve a variety of options, from chemical castration and immunocastration to various methods of vasectomy. This review begins with the history of sterilization, showing a direct link between its practice in man and animals. Then, it traces the evolution of concepts for inducing sterility, where research has overlapped with basic studies of reproductive hormones and the discovery of testicular toxicants, some of which serve as sterilizing agents in rodent pests. Finally, the most recent efforts to use the immune system and gene editing to block hormonal stimulation of testis function are discussed. As we respond to the crisis of animal overpopulation and strive for better animal welfare, these novel methods provide optimism for replacing surgical castration in some species.

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Section: Male Reproductive System and Potential Targets For Steriliza...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Male animal sterilization: history, current practices, and potential methods for replacing castration

Hess,

Park,

Soto

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The same intermediate 102 was also formed when using ethyl thiocarbamate 104 directly with chloroacetic acid to finally give TZD (Scheme 27). [106] …”

Section: Synthesis Of 24‐thiazolidinedione Ringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemistry and Applications of Functionalized 2,4‐Thiazolidinediones

et al. 2023

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Thiazolidinedione (TZD) is one of the privileged heterocyclic rings and has shown many biological applications in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. This review covers the synthetic approaches of TZD and its derivatives, different synthetic techniques for affording the desired regioselectivity and stereoselectivity, and the techniques that would enhance reaction conditions such as microwave, one‐pot, or ultrasound synthesis. It focuses on synthetic challenges of glitazones and the transformation of other heterocycles to TZD. Moreover, the chemical and biological behavior of TZD through the substitution in the N3 position, modification of the C5 position, annealing in complex heterocyclic systems, and hybridization with other pharmacologically attractive moieties are discussed. All reactions mentioned are provided as possible with different reaction conditions, mechanisms, derivatives scope, yield and clarified by applications of such reactions in the construction of potential medicinal agents. The review also answers questions about rapid racemization of glitazones, their toxicity, considering TZD as pan‐assay interference compounds (PAINS) or not, and the influence of saturation of 5‐position of TZD in their biological activities. This review is a comprehensive guide to make informed decisions for construction of TZD derivatives with biological potentials.

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Laparoscopic Castration and Sterilization Techniques of the Male Dog

Cited by 2 publications

References 47 publications

Male animal sterilization: history, current practices, and potential methods for replacing castration

Male animal sterilization: history, current practices, and potential methods for replacing castration

Chemistry and Applications of Functionalized 2,4‐Thiazolidinediones

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