Lanthanides as Anticancer Agents

Abstract

The application of inorganic chemistry to medicine is a rapidly developing field, and novel therapeutic and diagnostic metals and metal complexes are now having an impact on medical practice. Advances in biocoordination chemistry are crucial for improving the design of compounds to reduce toxic side effects and understand their mechanisms of action. A lot of metal-based drugs are widely used in the treatment of cancer. The clinical success of cisplatin and other platinum complexes is limited by significant side effects acquired or intrinsic resistance. Therefore, much attention has focused on designing new coordination compounds with improved pharmacological properties and a broader range of antitumor activity. Strategies for developing new anticancer agents include the incorporation of carrier groups that can target tumor cells with high specificity. Also of interest is to develop complexes that bind to DNA in a fundamentally different manner than cisplatin, in an attempt to overcome the resistance pathways that have evolved to eliminate the drug. This review focuses on recent advances in developing lanthanide anticancer agents with an emphasis on lanthanide coordination complexes. These complexes may provide a broader spectrum of antitumor activity. They were compared with classical platinum anticancer drugs. Lanthanides are also of interest because of their therapeutic radioisotopes. The dominant pharmacological applications of lanthanides are as agents in radioimmunotherapy and photodynamic therapy.

Coumarin and carbazole fluorescently modified cellulose nanocrystals using a one‐step esterification procedure

“…At the same time, coumarin derivatives are important fluorescent dyes with high photoluminescence quantum efficiencies, and uses in optoelectronic materials, while they also display anti-tumoral, anti-coagulant, and anti-oxidant properties. [27][28][29][30][31] Fillponen et al covalently linked an azide-bearing fluorescent molecule in a three step reaction: TEMPO mediated oxidation was followed by propargylamine grafting by carbodiimide-mediated amide coupling followed by a Copper(I)-catalysed AzideAlkyne Cycloaddition reaction (i.e. azide-alkyne click reaction) with azido-coumarin and azido-anthracene.…”

Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of Lanthanide Complexes of a Novel Polyaminopolycarboxylate Ligand

“…But the ions' poor ability to absorb light makes it necessary to dress them up with an organic ligand as a skin in the form of a complex. 1 The complexes have become increasingly significant in the last few years due to the wide variety of potential applications in many important areas of chemistry, [2][3][4] biology, [5][6] medicine [7][8] and imaging. [9][10][11][12] The design of the organic part of such complexes is thus paramount in achieving the required circumstances for the complex to be efficiently luminescent.…”

6-Substituted 2-oxo-2H-1-benzopyran-3-carboxylic acid derivatives in a new approach of the treatment of cancer cell invasion and metastasis

“…Simple natural and synthetic coumarins such as esculetin (3), osthole (4) and the synthetic 6-nitro-substituted coumarin (5) (Fig. 1) are also known for a long time to exert anti-cancer properties, but, for most of them, by an unknown mechanism [11][12][13][14]. Recently reported coumarin derivatives such as G8935 (6) (Fig.…”