Lanthanide-Doped Nanoprobes as Orthogonal NIR-II Fluorescence Channels for In Vivo Information Storage

Abstract

Information storage in vivo will lead to next-generation identification and security authentication. Here, an information storage method was proposed for in vivo application by using a pair of lanthanide-doped nanoprobes (NdNPs and ErNPs) with orthogonal emissions in the second near-infrared window. The information is stored in different fluorescence channels separately, while the selective readout could be realized by simply manipulating excitation wavelengths. The small-animal experiments primarily confirm the applicability of this method in vivo. The binary numbers ″1″ and ″0″ are implanted under the mice’s skin, and the corresponding signals ″on″ and ″off″ can be collected by charge-coupled devices under different laser filter combinations. The design of lanthanide-doped probes with the nanoscale features and orthogonal emissions is expected to provide a new strategy for information storage in vivo. The lanthanide materials with excellent down-conversion near-infrared fluorescence performance have shown great application potential in the field of photonics.

Multiband MgGeO3-Based Persistent Luminescent Nanophosphors for Dynamic and Multimodal Anticounterfeiting

“…Additionally, adding co-dopants to the MgGeO 3 host enables it to have multiple luminescent bands. For example, enabling PersL at both red and NIR-II (900–1700 nm) wavelength windows further opens up the possibility of in vivo information storage and decoding through the fabrication and implantation of 2D QR codes into a living body. , Dual emissive MGO-based PersL phosphors can be prepared by co-doping Pr 3+ , Yb 3+ , and Mn 2+ . − …”

“…For example, enabling PersL at both red and NIR-II (900− 1700 nm) wavelength windows further opens up the possibility of in vivo information storage and decoding through the fabrication and implantation of 2D QR codes into a living body. 29,30 Dual emissive MGO-based PersL phosphors can be prepared by co-doping Pr 3+ , Yb 3+ , and Mn 2+ . 31−34 However, there are two challenges in developing MGObased PersL.…”

Current Developments in Emerging Lanthanide‐Doped Persistent Luminescent Scintillators and Their Applications

“…Owing to the deep penetration of X‐rays in tissue, lanthanide‐doped nanocrystal scintillators are promising for biomedical imaging applications [9–11] . Besides, lanthanide‐doped scintillators hold great promise for many other applications, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT), [12–14] flexible X‐ray detectors, [15–19] information storage, [20–22] anti‐counterfeiting [23,24] and X‐ray imaging [25–27]…”

“…Owing to the deep penetration of X-rays in tissue, lanthanidedoped nanocrystal scintillators are promising for biomedical imaging applications. [9][10][11] Besides, lanthanide-doped scintillators hold great promise for many other applications, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT), [12][13][14] flexible X-ray detectors, [15][16][17][18][19] information storage, [20][21][22] anti-counterfeiting [23,24] and X-ray imaging. [25][26][27] Persistent luminescence (PersL), also known as afterglow or long-lasting phosphorescence, is an optical phenomenon in which luminescent materials are able to continue emitting light for a long time (ranging from seconds to days) after the cessation of external excitation source.…”