This paper presents the synthesis and characterization of new polymeric materials in the form of composites with a luminescent filler using the photopolymerization methodology. In the synthesis of the composites, bisphenol A glycerolate (1 glycerol/phenol) diacrylate was used as a main monomer, whereas methyl methacrylate, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate were applied as reactive diluents. In the role of photoluminescent dopant, a previously synthesized photoluminescent copolymer, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone witch 2,7-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxypropoxy)naphthalene, was used. The compositions were prepared with an increasing amount of filler: 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10 wt%. As a result of the performed syntheses, 18 new compositions were obtained which generated green-yellow light after excitation by UV radiation. The influence of the increasing luminescent filler content on the selected properties of the composites was evaluated. The thermal and mechanical behaviors of the composites were determined by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Shore D hardness. Moreover, the chemical structures of the polymeric materials were confirmed by the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR/FT-IR) method. These results show that the incorporation of the photoluminescent copolymer into polymeric compositions can be method for obtaining functional materials for the production of special polymeric coatings or for the production of optical fiber sensors.