Lanthanide-calixarene complexes and their applications

Selective collection of Yb(iii) over La(iii) and Eu(iii) from aqueous solution by bis(tetramethylammonium) salt crystals of p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene-1,3-diphosphonic acid

“…To date, solvent extraction methods using organic molecules as hosts have been a widely used approach for separation/recovery of rare metals from aqueous media/industrial waste. 2 Unfortunately, in the case of separation of metal ions having similar properties, it is difficult to selectively extract target species in a single extraction operation and multistage extraction processes are needed which leads to high energy cost and large environmental load. These limitations provide sufficient impetus to develop targeted solid host materials for rapid, selective and ecofriendly separation of rare metal ions.…”