Lanskap Spiritual Situs Liyangan

Abstract

Liyangan archaeological site in the village of Purbasari, Residency Temanggung, Central Java, is an Old Mataram settlement predictably existed from around 8th to 10th century CE. In this site, which was buried by thick layers of pyroclastic materials of Gunung Sindoro eruption, various artefacts as well as stone structures are found including pavement, altars, retaining walls, water-temple, and remains of wooden structures. One of the most interesting aspect of this site is the orientation of the stone structures. Although the whole settlement was arranged to follow the sloping contour of the Mount Sindoro, most of the stone structures were oriented to southeast, which was not common for stone shrines built at the same period. This paper attempts to explain the reason for such an exceptional orientation using landscape archaeological approach. Our research demonstrates that the ten Liyangan stone structures were oriented to either Mount Merapi, Baka Hill, or the Prambanan temple. The orientation of the stone structures is believed as a reflection of the spatial map and the cosmology of the community lived in Liyangan centuries ago. It is suggested here that such an orientation represents the so-called “spiritual landscape”of the people.

Tracking the Locations of Hindu - Buddhist Archaeological Remains in Magelang Region Based on ROD 1914 and GIS Approach

“…Another example can be found at the Liyangan Site, Temanggung Regency, which was first discovered in 2008. This site is the most complete and rarely found settlement site in Indonesia (Tanudirjo, Yuwono, & Adi, 2019). In ROD 1914 page 294, this site is reported as Poerbesari.…”

Opak-Progo watershed’s potential for geography experiential learning

“…Interestingly, this landform development determines the development of human settlements, highlighting the significance of human-environment interaction in geography (Ashari, 2022). The upper Progo Valley's landforms were shaped by the volcanic activity of Sindoro, which also left traces of its eruption exposed in the Liyangan area (Tanudirjo, Yuwono, & Adi, 2019). Meanwhile, for Merapi, its vulcanic activities affect the formation of landforms across a broad region, including Borobudur and Yogyakarta, as well as the fluviovolcanic plains that emerged to fill the Bantul graben (Bronto, Ratdomopurbo, Asmoro, & Adityarani, 2014;Mulyaningsih et al, 2006;Newhall et al, 2000;Sutikno, LW, Kurniawan, & Purwanto, 2007).…”

The Use of the Construction Sima Village as an New Contruction of Rules

“…Agar pengelolaan pendapatan daerah tidak bebas tanpa batas, maka pihak kerajaan telah menentukan prioritas alokasi pendapatan desa sîma untuk pembangunan dan perawatan bangunan suci, pembangunan infrastruktur desa dan pembiayaan umum yang berhubungan dengan tugas penyelenggaraan pemerintahan desa. Adapun pembangunan infrastruktur desa secara khusus diprioritaskan pada upaya pembangunan yang mendukung usaha pertanian rakyat, seperti pembangunan talud sebagai pengendali banjir, penyediaan teknologi pertanian yang memadai, sistem irigasi, penanggulangan serangan hama dan penanganan pasca panen (Dwiyanto, 1995;Dwiyanto et al, 1992;Tanudirjo et al, 2019;Tjahjono, 2008;Tjahjono & Rangkuti, 1998).…”

“…Apabila terjadi penyimpangan-penyimpangan antara konsep kosmologi dan pratek yang terjadi di lapangan, maka penyimpangan tersebut akan membawa akibat yang harus diterima bukan hanya pada orang yang bersangkutan dan kerabatnya saja melainkan seluruh warga kerajaan akan merasakan juga. Akibat yang besar yang dialami oleh seluruh warga karena melakukan perilaku menyimpang biasanya berupa bencana alam (banjir, longsor, gunung meletus, dan lain sebagainya) (Darmosoetopo, 1980;Tanudirjo et al, 2019;Tjahjono, 2008).…”