Language proficiency does not modulate executive control in older bilinguals

Mishra, Ramesh Kumar; Padmanabhuni, Manasa; Bhandari, Pratik; Viswambharan, Shiji; Prasad, Seema

doi:10.1080/13825585.2018.1562029

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…It is certainly a limitation of this analysis that there are only two studies, both of which were relatively under-powered (see Table 2). However, other literature using the ANT with older bilingual populations have also reported no significant differences (Borsa et al 2018;Mishra et al 2019) in the behavioural measures analyzed here.…”

Section: Middle-aged Adultscontrasting

confidence: 52%

Comparing bilingual and monolingual performance on the attention network test: meta-analysis of a literature inspired by Albert Costa

Arora

Klein

2020

J Cult Cogn Sci

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Are there differences between bilinguals and monolinguals in non-linguistic cognitive processes related to attention? Recent interest in this question, which has a long history, was stimulated by ideas presented in Bialystok's 2001 book: Bilingualism in development: Language, literacy, and cognition. Because attention is a multi-faceted construct Costa et al. (Cognition 106(1):59-86, 2008, Cognition 113(2):135-149, 2009) sought to answer this question using the attention network test (ANT), a simple-toadminister tool that was designed to measure the efficacy of three attention networks: alerting, orienting and executive control. Using the ANT Database, a recently developed repository of data extracted from studies that have used the ANT to answer any question, we identified 16 papers that followed Costa's pioneering use of the ANT to address the question whether bilingualism is associated with differences in attention. In this paper we begin by reviewing the methods and findings from Costa's studies, and then report the results of three meta-analyses (conducted separately for children, young adults and middle-aged adults) of the data reported in these 16 papers. Whereas, there were no noteworthy effects of language status on alerting or orienting in any group, our meta-analysis of the studies that tested young adults revealed, in agreement with Costa et al. (2008) a bilingual advantage in executive control. A similar bilingual advantage was not observed in the other age groups.

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Section: Middle-aged Adultscontrasting

confidence: 52%

Comparing bilingual and monolingual performance on the attention network test: meta-analysis of a literature inspired by Albert Costa

Arora

Klein

2020

J Cult Cogn Sci

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“…According to Luo, Luk and Bialystok (2010), the use of both subjective and objective measures is informative than anyone alone. Following this, we used a cumulative composite score to indicate the language proficiency of bilinguals (McMurray, Samelson, Lee & Tomblin, 2010; Mishra, Padmanabhuni, Bhandari, Viswambaran & Prasad, 2018). Based on the composite score (on L2), participants were categorised into two groups – high-L2 proficient bilinguals ( M = 22.7 years, SD = 2.60) and low-L2 proficient bilinguals ( M = 23 years, SD = 3.64) (see Table 1 for participant characteristics) using a median split.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The sensitivity to context modulates executive control: Evidence from Malayalam–English bilinguals

Rafeekh

Mishra

2020

Bilingualism

Self Cite

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In two experiments, we examined the hypothesis that bilingual speakers modulate their cognitive control settings dynamically in the presence of different interlocutors, and this can be captured through performance on a non-linguistic attention task. We introduced Malayalam–English bilinguals to interlocutors with varying L2 dominance through a pre-experiment familiarisation and interaction phase. Later, participants did the Flanker task while the interlocutors appeared before each trial. While in experiment one participants did the Flanker task with equal distribution of trials, in experiment two we manipulated the monitoring demands by changing the frequency of trials. Results showed that high-L2 proficient bilinguals had lower conflict effect on the Flanker task in the presence of balanced interlocutors in both the experiments. The results provide strong evidence of dynamic adaptation of control settings in bilinguals with regard to different passively present interlocutors. The results further extend the predictions of the adaptive control hypothesis with novel manipulation.

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“…The current study tested a group of late unbalanced bilinguals on their performance on a version of ANT and a translation task with a set of L2 words with a wide range of corpus frequency. Most importantly, relative increase in L2 vocabulary proficiency reduced the conflict cost in ANT performance in a within-group study, which makes a substantial contribution to the research in bilingualism effect on the cognitive control functions in young adult unbalanced late bilinguals (Tao et al, 2011;Singh and Mishra, 2013;Poarch et al, 2014;Singh et al, 2015;Vega-Mendoza et al, 2015;Mishra et al, 2018;Xie, 2018;Bonfieni et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Conflict Resolution Ability in Late Bilinguals Improves With Increased Second-Language Proficiency: ANT Evidence

Novitskiy

Shtyrov

Myachykov³

2019

Front. Psychol.

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Experimental data supporting the claim that bilingual speakers have superior cognitive control abilities are often questioned with respect to certain methodological limitations. One such limitation is the use of between-group design, potentially confounding bilingual status with other factors (e.g., socioeconomic status). Here, we used a homogeneous sample of 57 young adult Russian-English late unbalanced bilinguals who were administrated Attention Network Task (ANT) together with an L2 proficiency task. We tested the correlation of L2 vocabulary performance with conflict and alertness measures and overall reaction times in ANT performance. Overall, participants demonstrated better conflict resolution with the increase in their second language competence, with 8% of variance in conflict resolution explained by L2 proficiency. Our results support the notion of regular correspondence between bilingualism and cognitive control.

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Language proficiency does not modulate executive control in older bilinguals

Cited by 14 publications

References 91 publications

Comparing bilingual and monolingual performance on the attention network test: meta-analysis of a literature inspired by Albert Costa

Comparing bilingual and monolingual performance on the attention network test: meta-analysis of a literature inspired by Albert Costa

The sensitivity to context modulates executive control: Evidence from Malayalam–English bilinguals

Conflict Resolution Ability in Late Bilinguals Improves With Increased Second-Language Proficiency: ANT Evidence

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