Language Development and Non‐verbal Skills in Severely Mentally Retarded Children: An Epidemiological Study

Gould, Judith

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1976.tb00938.x

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The combination of some visuo-spatial skills and minimal or no development of symbolic language is characteristic of children with the behaviour found in early childhood psychosis (Gould, 1976b;Wing, CJould, Yeates and Brierley, 1977). It is interesting to compare this group with the Down's syndrome children in whom the Reynell quotients also tend to be poorer than those on the other two tests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Children with physical handicaps, hearing or vision impairments, or wilh autistic or other psychotic behaviour were included in this present study as long as they fitted the above criteria. A total of 150 such children were identified, and apart from five who died before being seen, were assessed on a variety of psychological tests (Gould, 1976b). The children to be discussed in ihe present paper were those who obtained reliable scores on the Vineland, Merrill-Palmer (non-verbal items) and Reynell scales.…”

Section: Methods 'The Area Studiedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An epidemiological study of all severely retarded children aged under fifteen in one area of London (Gould, 1976b) presented the opportunity for using a ninnber of different meihods of psychological assessment. In the present paper, the advantages and the difficulties found in using the Vineland, the Merrill-Palmer (non-verbal items only) and the Reynell Scales will b" described and the restjts obtained from these tests compared.…”

Section: Iniroductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All ihe children were given psychological tests in iheir schooh', homes or residential units, that is, in a familiar environment. The tests used were lielectcd according to the child's level of ability (Gould, 1976b) and are listed below.…”

Section: Administration Of the Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Use of the Vineland Social Maturity Scale, the Merrill‐palmer Scale of Mental Tests (Non‐verbal Items) and the Reynell Developmental Language Scales With Children in Contact With the Services for Severe Mental Retardation.

Gould

1977

J intellect Disabil Res

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methods 'The Area Studiedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Iniroductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Administration Of the Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Use of the Vineland Social Maturity Scale, the Merrill‐palmer Scale of Mental Tests (Non‐verbal Items) and the Reynell Developmental Language Scales With Children in Contact With the Services for Severe Mental Retardation.

Gould

1977

J intellect Disabil Res

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“…Inability to communicate needs may be frustrating for the child, and difficult behaviour may be a response to this. There is a growing body of evidence which shows that increased rates of behaviour problems occur in children with poor communication skills (Quine, 1986;Gould, 1977;Leudar et al, 1987). Behaviour itself has a direct effect on sleep and also works through maternal irritability and family impact.…”

Section: A Path Model Of Sleep Problems: the Multivariate Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep problems in children with mental handicap

Quine

1991

J intellect Disabil Res

137

113

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ABSTRACT. This paper reports on a longitudinal study of sleep problems in 200 children with severe mental handicap. Sleep problems were exiremely common: 51% of children had settling problems. 67% of children had waking problems, and 32% of parents said they rarely got enough sleep. Sleep problems were also very persistent: between a half and two‐thirds of children who exhibited sleep problems ai Time 1 still had them 3 years later. Sleep problems were associated with a number of child characteristics: poor communication skills, poor academic skills, poor self‐help skills, incontinence, daytime behaviour problems and epilepsy. There were no relationships with family variables such as social class, income, family composition or housing tenure. However, maternal stress, maternal irritability and pwrceived impact on the family were related to sleep problems. A Sleep Index was constructed, and path analysis was used to trace the main causal pathways of the child, family and social characteristics. Ten variables explained 50% of the variance in the Sleep Problems Index. Communication skills played a pivotal role. The implications of the findings for intervention strategies are discussed.

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Severe impairments of social interaction and associated abnormalities in children: Epidemiology and classification

Wing

Gould

1979

J Autism Dev Disord

2,035

1,092

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The prevalence, in children aged under 15, of severe impairments of social interaction, language abnormalities, and repetitive stereotyped behaviors was investigated in an area of London. A "socially impaired" group (more than half of whom were severely retarded) and a comparison group of "sociable severely mentally retarded" children were identified. Mutism or echolalia, and repetitive stereotyped behaviors were found in almost all the socially impaired children, but to a less marked extent in a minority of the sociable severely retarded. Certain organic conditions were found more often in the socially impaired group. A subgroup with a history of Kanner's early childhood autism could be identified reliably but shared many abnormalities with other socially impaired children. The relationships between mental retardation, typical autism, and other conditions involving social impairment were discussed, and a system of classification based on quality of social interaction was considered.

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Language Development and Non‐verbal Skills in Severely Mentally Retarded Children: An Epidemiological Study

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

The Use of the Vineland Social Maturity Scale, the Merrill‐palmer Scale of Mental Tests (Non‐verbal Items) and the Reynell Developmental Language Scales With Children in Contact With the Services for Severe Mental Retardation.

The Use of the Vineland Social Maturity Scale, the Merrill‐palmer Scale of Mental Tests (Non‐verbal Items) and the Reynell Developmental Language Scales With Children in Contact With the Services for Severe Mental Retardation.

Sleep problems in children with mental handicap

Severe impairments of social interaction and associated abnormalities in children: Epidemiology and classification

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