Language Comprehension in Ape and Child

Savage‐Rumbaugh, E. Sue; Murphy, J. Thomas; Sevcik, Rose A.; Brakke, Karen; Williams, Shelly L.; Rumbaugh, Duane M.; Bates, Elizabeth

doi:10.2307/1166068

Cited by 435 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…When the chimpanzee, Washoe, succeeded in mastering a number of gestural symbols of the American Sign Language of the Deaf [Gardner and Gardner, 1969], other studies followed indicating similar symbolic capacities in other chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, and orangutans [Garder and Gardner, 1969;Patterson and Linden, 1981;Greenfield and Savage-Rumbaugh, 1990;Miles, 1990]. Some of these animals also proved capable of creating and following simple grammatical rules [Greenfield and Savage-Rumbaugh, 1990;Savage-Rumbaugh et al, 1993]. Over the years, great apes have purportedly demonstrated many other capacities once thought unique to humans including mirror self-recognition, deception, imitation, culture, theory of mind, and using tools to make tools [McGrew, 1992;Schick and Toth, 1993;Parker et al, 1994;Byrne, 1995;Russon et al, 1996;Byrne and Russon, 1998].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Evolution of Human Intelligence: The Roles of Brain Size and Mental Construction

Gibson¹

2002

Brain Behav Evol

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Two competing philosophical paradigms characterize approaches to the evolution of the human mind. One postulates continuity between animal and human behavioral capacities. The other assumes that humans and animals are separated by major qualitative behavioral and mental gaps. This paper presents a continuity model that suggests that expanded human mental capacities primarily reflect the increased information processing capacities of the enlarged human brain including the enlarged neocortex, cerebellum, and basal ganglia. These increased information processing capacities enhance human abilities to combine and recombine highly differentiated actions, perceptions, and concepts in order to construct larger, more complex, and highly variable behavioral units in a variety of behavioral domains including language, social intelligence, tool-making, and motor sequences. Environmental input, including self-generated input, interacts with mental constructional capacities to assure that developing humans acquire species-typical and culturally-specific behavioral patterns. This mental constructional model is compatible with our current understanding of differences between human and non-human primate brains, of human brain plasticity, and of the minimal genetic differences between humans and chimpanzees.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Evolution of Human Intelligence: The Roles of Brain Size and Mental Construction

Gibson¹

2002

Brain Behav Evol

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“…Despite excellent speech-perceptual abilities (Heimbauer et al 2011, Savage-Rumbaugh et al 1993) and good manual imitation abilities, apes are unable to learn to produce novel vocalizations based on an auditory model, and no nonhuman primate has ever learned to speak (Kellogg 1968, Yerkes & Yerkes 1929. Even with intensive training, a human-reared chimpanzee was able to produce only three poorly intelligible approximations of human words (Hayes 1951).…”

Section: Peripheral Components Of Speech Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biology and Evolution of Speech: A Comparative Analysis

Fitch

2018

Annu. Rev. Linguist.

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I analyze the biological underpinnings of human speech from a comparative perspective. By first identifying mechanisms that are evolutionarily derived relative to other primates, we obtain members of the faculty of language, derived components (FLD). Understanding when and why these evolved is central to understanding the evolution of speech. There is little evidence for human-specific mechanisms in auditory perception, and the hypothesis that speech perception is "special" is poorly supported by comparative data. Regarding speech production, human peripheral vocal anatomy includes several derived characteristics (permanently descended larynx, loss of air sacs), but their importance has been overestimated. In contrast, the central neural mechanisms underlying speech production involve crucial derived characteristics (direct monosynaptic connections from motor cortex to laryngeal motor neurons, derived intracortical dorsal circuitry between auditory and motor regions). Paleo-DNA from fossil hominins provides an exciting new opportunity to determine when these derived speech production mechanisms arose during evolution.

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“…El bonobo Kanzi, criado a la vez que un niño, era capaz incluso de obedecer órde-nes para las que no había sido entrenado. Su nivel de éxito es similar al de un niño de dos años recibiendo órdenes, es decir, de un 70% (Savage-Rumbaugh et al, 1993;Blasco, 2011, 42).…”

Section: Razones Identitarias En Positivounclassified

La frontera animal-humano

Castelo¹

2013

Arbor

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RESUMEN: Los desarrollos científicos de nuestro tiempo han enfatizado la continuidad entre los humanos y nuestros parientes antropoides. Por supuesto, los seres humanos parecen diferentes a los animales no humanos, pero tales diferencias son más bien relativas y no absolutas. Muchos autores tratan, desde hace tiempo, de rellenar la separación discursiva y artificial entre humanos y animales, separación que ha servido a su vez para justificar la relación de dominio y control sobre los segundos. Sea como fuere, la progresión de las pruebas no ha resultado siempre convincente. ¿Por qué? Seguiremos el camino contrario. Analizaremos algunos de los argumentos más transitados a la hora de justificar la frontera ser humano-animal y trataremos de mostrar su debilidad, así como la necesidad de avanzar hacia un mundo que sustituya la frontera por criterios prácticos de responsabilidad. PALABRAS CLAVE:Frontera humano-animal; Continuidad ontológica; Dominio.ABSTRACT: The scientific developments of our time have emphasized the continuity between humans and our anthropoid relatives. Of course, humans appear to be different from nonhuman animals, but such differences tend to be relative rather than absolute. Many authors are seeking to bridge the discursively constructed divide that separates animals and humans to reveal a relationship of domination and control. Anyway, this accumulative evidence has not been uniformly persuasive. Why? We'll follow the opposite way. Firstly, we'll analyze some of the most popular arguments to justify the human-animal border and, secondly, we'll try to show their weakness and the necessity to move towards a world that changes borders to practical criteria of responsibility.

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Language Comprehension in Ape and Child

Cited by 435 publications

References 45 publications

Evolution of Human Intelligence: The Roles of Brain Size and Mental Construction

Evolution of Human Intelligence: The Roles of Brain Size and Mental Construction

The Biology and Evolution of Speech: A Comparative Analysis

La frontera animal-humano

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