Langmuir Probe Measurements of Nd-YAG Laser-Produced Copper Plasmas

Dogar, A.H.; Ilyas, B.; Ullah, Shakir; Nadeem, Ali; Qayyum, A.

doi:10.1109/tps.2010.2100049

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…In principle, this "classical" method [40,[91][92][93] considers only the thermal movement of the particles (without streaming) and a Maxwellian distribution function. Space-time evolution of electronic temperature, thermal velocity, plasma potential and particle density can be derived from the I-V characteristic based on the results of the "classical" LP theory.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Theoretical Studies on the Dynamics of Transient Plasmas Generated by Laser Ablation in Various Temporal Regimes

Nica¹,

Irimiciuc²,

Agop³

et al. 2017

Laser Ablation - From Fundamentals to Applications

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During the last decade, our groups have performed systematic experimental studies on the characterization of plasma plumes generated by laser ablation in various temporal regimes (ns, ps, fs) on materials ranging from simple metals (Al, Cu, Mn, Ni, In, W, …) to more complex compounds (ceramics, chalcogenide glasses, ferrites). Optical (fast imaging and space-and time-resolved emission spectroscopy) and electrical (mainly Langmuir probe) methods have been applied to experimentally investigate the dynamics of the plasma plume and its constituents. Influence of the target physical (thermodynamic and electrical) parameters on the plasma dynamics has been studied. A mathematical correlation between the local and global plasma parameters and the physical properties of the target was proposed for the first time. Peculiar behaviors like plume splitting or plasma oscillations have been evidenced for high laser fluence ablation in vacuum. Along with results from the literature, our findings provide convincing arguments for the existence of multiple double-layers in the laser ablation plasma plume, in a scenario including two-temperature electrons. New fractal-based theoretical approaches have been developed to qualitatively and quantitatively account for the observed phenomena. The space and time evolution of expansion velocity, particle number, current density and plasma temperature were theoretically investigated.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Theoretical Studies on the Dynamics of Transient Plasmas Generated by Laser Ablation in Various Temporal Regimes

Nica¹,

Irimiciuc²,

Agop³

et al. 2017

Laser Ablation - From Fundamentals to Applications

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“…The Langmuir probe current–voltage characteristics deserve a few comments on advocating the inclusion of plasma experiments in the advanced undergraduate laboratory . Furthermore, Langmuir probe as an active probe in direct contact with the plasma can obtain information about the plume velocity expansion, local charge particle density, and electron temperature at the very plasma edge, that is, expanded zone in the low‐density, low‐temperature regions . The Langmuir probe has been used as as a simple but powerful means to characterize LPP in several works in the last decade .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal and spatial evolutions of plasma produced in a nanosecond laser field characterized by langmuir probe diagnostics

Morshedian¹,

Shahverdi

2018

Contributions to Plasma Physics

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Based on the temporal and spatial evolutions of the plasma plume, the behaviour of the laser-produced plasma is studied using a wire Langmuir probe. The plasma is generated by focusing a Nd:YAG laser pulse of 30 ns pulse duration, ∼110 mJ energy, and 1064 nm wavelength) on a solid metal (steel-316) target. By conducting experiments at low pressures (1 × 10 3 -5 × 10 −5 mbar), the following results were obtained: (a) At a lower pressure, the rise time of the electron signals is reduced, but the current amplitude is increased for both ions and electrons. (b) Fitting the shock wave model of propagation to the experimental results of the plasma plume expansion within the range 1-7 mm distance from the target shows better agreement at lower pressures. (c) For both electrons and ions, the velocity of the particles exhibited plume splitting (two regimes of velocities, namely fast and slow), which is interpreted as being dominant due to the ambipolar field. In addition, at the centimetre-scale distance from the target and using the time-of-flight method, the electron and ion velocities were determined to be ∼3 × 10 7 and ∼1.2 × 10 6 cm/s, respectively. The electron temperature is in the range 2-29 eV, and the ion density is in the range 10 11 -10 13 cm −3 at milimeter to centimetre distances from the target. KEYWORDS ambipolar field, laser-produced plasma, Longmuir probe, plume splitting, time of flight INTRODUCTIONThe interactions of a nanosecond-pulse laser beam with a solid target generate non-equilibrium and highly transient plasmas.Such plasmas belong to the category of laser-produced plasmas (LPPs), which generally follow photointeractions, ablation, and collisional processes, and lead to plasma plume expansion and thermal equilibrium. The temporal and spatial plume expansion mechanism includes different processes such as shock wave formation, deceleration, diffusion, and clustering. [1,2] Characteristic parameters of the plasma plume, such as temperature and density, show strong spatial and temporal dependences as well as dependence on the laser parameters. Spatio-temporal plume characterization of the plasma requires a variety of diagnostic methods. It is worth mentioning that the investigation of plasma development can be tackled from various angles. Applying different diagnostic techniques not only provides complementary analyses but also paves the way for utilizing the potentiality of various diagnostic systems to their full capacity under different conditions. An electrical probe such as Langmuir probe offers convenience of use and accessibility, and is considered a useful tool for measuring the plasma plume expansion characteristics in highly ionized systems. Nevertheless, interpretation of data using this technique is facilitated by assuming that the probe is located in positions where the probe does not disturb the plasma particle

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“…The method offers excellent control on stoichiometric transfer of material from the target to substrate and has good compatibility on working with background pressures ranging from ultrahigh vacuum to 1 Torr (Eason, 2007). The pulsed laser deposition equipment is flexible as the energy source creating the plume is separated from the deposition system (Boyd, 1996;Baron et al, 1993;Dogar et al, 2011). The laser produced plasmas are nonequilibrium and non-thermal (Dogar et al, 2011;Chrisey & Hubler, 1994), which have found important application in various research fields such as material growth and processing which include deposition of thin films, synthesis of nano-particles and elemental analysis of multi component materials (Baron et al, 1993;Dogar et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pulsed laser deposition equipment is flexible as the energy source creating the plume is separated from the deposition system (Boyd, 1996;Baron et al, 1993;Dogar et al, 2011). The laser produced plasmas are nonequilibrium and non-thermal (Dogar et al, 2011;Chrisey & Hubler, 1994), which have found important application in various research fields such as material growth and processing which include deposition of thin films, synthesis of nano-particles and elemental analysis of multi component materials (Baron et al, 1993;Dogar et al, 2011). When nanosecond pulsed laser radiation is absorbed by a solid target, the electromagnetic energy is converted into electronic excitation and it heats, melts, and vaporizes the target (Chrisey & Hubler, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Langmuir probe is used as a diagnostic tool to get insight on behavior of laser produced plasma. It is the simplest electrical probe technique used to measure the plasma parameters of low temperature laboratory plasma and also applicable to transient plasma (Dogar et al, 2011;Kumari et al, 2012;Doggett & Lunney, 2009;Hong et al, 2000;Toftmann et al, 2000). The probe tip is inserted along the length of the plasma to collect the ions and electrons effectively and tip chosen is very thin so that there is no perturbation to the plasma plume.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma plume behavior of laser ablated cerium oxide: Effect of oxygen partial pressure

et al. 2014

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This paper describes the spatial and temporal investigation of laser ablated plasma plume of cerium oxide target using Langmuir probe. Cerium oxide target was ablated using a KrF (λ~248 nm) gas laser. Experimental studies confirmed that oxygen partial pressure of 2 × 10 −2 mbar is sufficient enough to get good quality films of cerium oxide. At this pressure, plume was diagnosed for their spatial and temporal behavior. Spatial distribution was investigated at a distance of 15 mm, 30 mm, and up to a maximum distance of 45 mm from the target, whereas temporal behavior has been recorded in the range of 0 to 50 μS with an interval of 0.5 μS. The average electron densities are found to be maximum at 30 mm from the target position and the plasma current of the laser ablated ceria is found to be maximum at 22 μS.

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Langmuir Probe Measurements of Nd-YAG Laser-Produced Copper Plasmas

Cited by 15 publications

References 11 publications

Experimental and Theoretical Studies on the Dynamics of Transient Plasmas Generated by Laser Ablation in Various Temporal Regimes

Experimental and Theoretical Studies on the Dynamics of Transient Plasmas Generated by Laser Ablation in Various Temporal Regimes

Temporal and spatial evolutions of plasma produced in a nanosecond laser field characterized by langmuir probe diagnostics

Plasma plume behavior of laser ablated cerium oxide: Effect of oxygen partial pressure

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