“…These models have been used to predict the global dynamics of a variety of proteins and protein complexes, ranging in size from single enzymes to macromolecular machines (Keskin et al 2002), ribosomes (Tama et al 2003, Wang et al 2004 and viral capsids (Tama & Brooks, 2002, Tama & Brooks, 2005. They have provided insights into a wide range of protein behaviors, such as mechanisms of allosteric regulation (Ming & Wall, 2005, Bahar et al 2007, Chennubhotla et al 2008, protein-protein binding (Tobi and Bahar 2005), anisotropic response to uniaxial tension and unfolding Bahar, 2008, Sulkowska et al 2008), colocalization of catalytic sites and key mechanical sites (e.g., hinges) (Yang & Bahar 2005), interactions at the binding sites (Ming & Wall, 2006), and energetics (Miller et al 2008), to name a few. ENMs allow the global motions of a molecule to be quickly calculated, making them an ideal complement to conventional molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.…”