Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Presenting as Hypopigmented Papules

Abstract

A 1(1/2)-year-old boy with Langerhans cell histiocytosis presented with a frontal bone mass showing features of eosinophilic granuloma. He subsequently developed multiple asymptomatic discrete hypopigmented papules on the face, trunk and extremities, which, on histology, were confirmed as Langerhans cell histiocytosis, a presentation hitherto unreported in literature. He responded well to surgery and chemotherapy.

Molluscum Contagiosum‐Like Presentation of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis: A Case and Review

“…Although the sample size is limited, there are important distinctions between molluscum-like LCH and MC. The average age of presentation in the LCH cases was 13 months, which is younger than the age of DOI: 10.1111/pde.13223 presentation in children with MC (2)(3)(4). In contrast, MC usually presents in children between 5 and 10 years of age and rarely presents in those younger than 1 year of age because of protective maternal antibodies (5).…”

“…Our suspicion of LCH is raised when a patient with presumed MC presents in infancy or early childhood. Concurrent scalp and trunk involvement was observed in all LCH cases and neck, groin, and oral mucosa involvement were reported in two cases (2)(3)(4). In MC, scalp involvement is uncommon and intraoral involvement is rare (5), having never been reported in prepubertal children.…”

Langerhans cell histiocytosis mimicking molluscum contagiosum: A case series

“…LCH skin involvement mimicking MC is exceptional, and only the following four cases have previously been described: a 4‐month‐old male and a 5.5‐month‐old female with localized low‐risk disease, an 18‐month‐old male with multisystem low‐risk disease, and a 2‐year‐old female with multisystem high‐risk disease (Table ). Hematoxylin‐eosin staining of a biopsy slide of LCH shows dermal mononuclear cell infiltration with reniform nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm, a positive staining for s100 and CD1a, some areas of epidermotropism, and a few eosinophiles.…”

“…Classical cutaneous LCH is characterized by scaly and erythematous papules and plaques localized on the scalp and diaper areas, mimicking seborrheic dermatitis 10 (Supplementary Figure S1). LCH skin involvement mimicking MC is exceptional, and only the following four cases have previously been described: a 4-month-old male 11 and a 5.5-month-old female 12 with localized low-risk disease, an 18-month-old male with multisystem low-risk disease, 13 and a 2-year-old female with multisystem high-risk disease 14 (Table 1).…”

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis: An Illusion of Hope

“…LCH includes diseases previously designated as histiocytosis X, eosinophilic granuloma, Letterer-Siwe disease, Hand-Schuller-Christian disease, Hashimoto-Pritzker syndrome, self-healing reticulocytosis, pure cutaneous histiocytosis, Langerhans cell granulomatosis, type II histiocytosis and nonlipid reticuloendotheliosis. 1 It is characterized by a proliferation of abnormal and clonal Langerhans cells in one or more body organs, such as the skin, bone, lymph node, lungs, liver, spleen and bone marrow. The disease can occur at any age, though commonly in infancy or early childhood, often with cutaneous lesions.…”