Landsliding during a M 7.7 earthquake: Influence of geology and topography

Landslides triggered by the 12 January 2010 Port-au-Prince, Haiti, <i>M</i><sub>w</sub> = 7.0 earthquake: visual interpretation, inventory compiling, and spatial distribution statistical analysis

“…The earthquake caused widespread damage west of and in the capital city of Port-au-Prince, and killed more than 230 000 people (Bilham, 2010;Bellerive, 2010;Calais et al, 2010;Hough et al, 2010;Koehler and Mann, 2011). The earthquake also triggered extensive landslides, some of Carro et al (2003) Hyōgo-ken-Nanbu, Japan 17 January 1995 6.9 Points 674 700 Fukuoka et al (1997) Northridge, California 17 January 1994 6.7 Polygons 11 000 23.8 10 000 Jibson (1995, 1996); Jibson and Harp (1994) Loma Prieta, California 17 October 1989 6.9 Points 1046 2000 Keefer (2000) Ecuador 5 March 1987 7.0 2500 Tibaldi et al (1995) Borah Peak, Idaho 28 October 1983 6.9 Points Several hundreds 4200 Keefer et al (1985) Murchison, New Zealand 17 June 1929 7.7 Polygons > 7400 200 5000 Pearce and O'Loughlin (1985); Adams (1980) which caused damages such as blocked roads, dammed rivers and streams, and threatened infrastructures in many parts of Haiti (Eberhard et al, 2010;Stumpf and Kerle, 2011;Xu et al, 2012). Co-seismic landslide inventory compiling is essential for associated co-seismic landslides studies, and spatial distribution statistical analysis of those landslides is important in understanding which areas are most susceptible to landslides in future earthquakes.…”

The application and implications of rock weathering‐rind dating to a large rock avalanche, Craigieburn Range, Canterbury, New Zealand

“…For example, the 1929 M7.7 Murchison earthquake in the northwest of the South Island triggered at least 1850 bedrock and regolith landslides within a 45 x25 km area (Pearce & O'Loughlin 1985). Similarly, during the 1964 M8.5 Alaska earthquake, more than 80 major rock avalanches were recorded in a 5000 km 2 area with further landslides and rock avalanches occurring over an area of c. 130 000 km 2 (McSaveney 1978).…”

Progress in understanding the paleoseismicity of the central and northern Alpine Fault, Westland, New Zealand

“…This is a large river system marking the postulated continuation of the Clarence Fault to join the Alpine Fault. Little geological investigation on the Alpine Fault has been carried out in this area and nothing has been published (see Officers of the Geological Survey 1975, 1985.…”

“…In New Zealand, Adams (1980) highlighted the importance of the process in his modelling of Southern Alps erosion. A detailed study of the profound geomorphic and botanical impact ot the M 1.1 Murchison earthquake of 1929 is outlined b> Pearce & O'Loughlin (1985) and Pearce & Watson (1986) The terrain affected in the Murchison event is steep, densely forested, and subject to high rainfall. In these …”

“…Aggradation raised the bed levels on average 1-3.5 m, inundating standing forest and burying large amounts of wood. Although the rivers have subsequently cut channels into the aggradation surfaces, only a negligible proportion of the sediment delivered by the landslides has been removed since the earthquake (Pearce & O'Loughlin 1985). Past Alpine Fault earthquakes will have had impacts at least as severe as the Murchison event and these may be reflected in the radiocarbon ages of aggradation terraces and mass movement deposits.…”