Landslides on Fluidlike Zones in the Deposits of Glacial Lake Hitchcock, Windsor County, Vermont

Ohlmacher, Gregory C.; Baskerville, Charles

doi:10.2113/gseegeosci.xxviii.1.31

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“…Ritter ( 1986) indicated that as much as 50 percent of the precipitation is intercepted by a forest canopy. Without a canopy, the added water at Hardwick infiltrated into the ground and created a saturated fluidlike zone upon which a massive movement of the entire tract occurred, similar to slides at North Springfield (Ohlmacher and Baskerville, 1991).…”

Section: Natural and Human-induced Slope Movements In Vermont Soilsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…X-ray analyses were performed on many of these samples to determine the amount and types of clay and other minerals in the slide masses. This information assisted in the determination of whether certain clays may have contributed to slide movement and whether the clay minerals are prone to absorbing large volumes of water (Baskerville and Ohlmacher, 1988;Ohlmacher and Baskerville, 1991). In the study of bedrock failures, we applied dial-gage and tape extensometer instrumentation to some of the rock slopes in areas where potential for failures was suspected, including Smugglers Notch, White Rocks Recreation Area, and Mad Tom Brook (Lee, 1989).…”

Section: Research Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deposits of basal till along streambanks are also subject to slope movement by both bank undercutting and saturation of the clay-rich components. When these clays become saturated, the basal portion of the mass becomes fluidized and sets the stage for sliding (Ohlmacher and Baskerville, 1991). Till is a heterogenous mixture of boulders, gravel, and sand-sized material in a matrix of clayey silt.…”

Section: Types Of Soils In Which Slope Movements Occur In Vermontmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Natural moisture content, 5 percent or less in these deposits, is so low as to make them almost dry. The clayey silt matrix has its shear strength reduced drastically when saturated (Baskerville and Ohlmacher, 1988;Ohlmacher and Baskerville, 1991).…”

Section: Types Of Soils In Which Slope Movements Occur In Vermontmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The deposits on Brook Road are an example of this. Ohlmacher and Baskerville ( 1991) have determined that high clay content of these soil masses is not a prerequisite for movement; water pressure buildup in the pores of fine sand and silt layers restricted by less permeable layers appears to be the primary triggering mechanism.…”

Section: Types Of Soils In Which Slope Movements Occur In Vermontmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Landslide hazards in Vermont

Baskerville¹,

Lee²,

Ratté³

1993

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Introduction 1 Natural Slope Processes in Soil and Bedrock 1 Mass Movement of Soils and Debris 1 Mass Movement of Bedrock 1 Human-Induced Slope Instability 2 Active Geomorphic Processes Contributing to Instability 3 Acknowledgments 3 Historical Record of Slope Movement in Vermont 3 Research Investigations 5 Movements of Soil Materials on Slopes 6 Soil Types in Vermont 6 Types of Soils in which Slope Movements Occur in Vermont 6 Natural and Human-Induced Slope Movements in Vermont Soils 8 Differing Rates of Movement in Soils in Vermont 9 Debris Avalanches 10 Slope Remediation 11 Slope Movements in Bedrock 12 Conditions that Promote Rock-Slope Movement 12 Types of Structural Discontinuities in Rock 13 Rock-Slope Movement Types 13 Rockfall 13 Block Slides 14 Topples 14 Slope Movements on Vermont's Interstate Highways 16 History and Construction of the System 16 General Geology 18 Design, Design Changes, and Construction of Rockcuts 18 Analysis of Rockcuts 20 Rockcut Slope Failures 20 Results of the Phase I Project 22 Conclusions 22 References Cited 22 FIGURES 1, 2. Photographs showing: 1. The intensity of jointing in the Cheshire Quartzite 2 2. An example of a vertical joint set with a second set intersecting at a large angle 2 3. Map showing locations of soil landslide sites described in the text 4 4, 5. Photographs showing: 4. A, The 1984 debris flow on East Mountain at Mendon, looking downslope; B, The same slide area, looking upslope, from U.S. Route 4 a year later 6 5. A rhythmite sequence at North Springfield flood-control reservoir 7 Contents Ill 1. Types of discontinuities in rock causing failure of slopes 13 2. Criteria used in the 1977-78 analysis of rockslide-rockfall potential along Vermont's Interstate Highway System 20

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Section: Natural and Human-induced Slope Movements In Vermont Soilsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Research Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Types Of Soils In Which Slope Movements Occur In Vermontmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Types Of Soils In Which Slope Movements Occur In Vermontmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Types Of Soils In Which Slope Movements Occur In Vermontmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations