Landslides in Central Asia: a review of papers published in 2000–2020 with a particular focus on the importance of GIS and remote sensing techniques

Abstract

Landslides are among the major environmental hazards with large-scale socio-economic and environmental impacts that jeopardize socio-economic wellbeing in mountainous regions. Landslides are due to the interaction of several complex factors such as local or regional geology, geomorphology, topography, and seismic motions. The goal of this study is to review published articles on causes and effects of landslides in Central Asia throughout 2000–2020. In line with this goal, we have collected (using Scopus database), reviewed, and analyzed 79 papers published during 2000–2020. Our results revealed an increasing number of landslide studies in Central Asia during the period under investigation, with authors from Belgium dominating in the published outcomes (28% of total), followed by authors from Central-Asian countries. After then, the paper analyses the mostly applied models and frequently identified driving conditions and triggers of landsliding, such as aspect, altitude, soil types, precipitation, earthquakes and human interventions. Geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) had not commonly been used in the papers between 2000 and 2010, and they have progressively been applied in landslide studies in Central Asia in the last decade. According to our analysis, geotechnical, geophysical and statistical methods were preferably used for the landslide studies in Central Asia.

Effect of organic fertilizers on agrochemical properties of soil and growth, development and yield of cotton

“…For example, manure and biohumus against the background of the mineral fertilizer "N150P100K75" gave an increase in yield of 2.7 and 1.7 q/h, and against the background of the mineral fertilizer "N200P150K100" they gave an increase in yield of 2.3 and 1.2 q/ha, respectively. Against this background, an increase in the norm of biohumus from 10 t/ha to 15 t/ha and an increase in the dose of manure from 20 t/ha to 30 t/ha did not have a positive effect on the yield of cotton by Karimberdieva [7].…”

“…The main role in this is played by the state of soil fertility. The main substance that determines soil fertility is humus [6][7][8]. The higher the quantity and quality of humus, the higher the yield.…”

Integral indicators of the ecological and biological state of soils in Jizzakh steppe, Uzbekistan

“…According to the literature data, salinity has a significant effect both on the composition of the microflora IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1068/1/012019 2 and on the intensity of the processes caused by it. The effect of salinity on the microbiological life of the soil depends on its nature and degree; this affects individual groups of microorganisms differently [6,7,[9][10][11][12].…”

“…Studies on the importance of biological activity in the formation of soil fertility elements, their morphogenetic, agrochemical, physical, physicochemical properties of degraded soils were also carried out in Uzbekistan by a number of scientists [1,2,10,12,13,15,[18][19][20]. However, studies on the study of the biological activity of the soils of the Jizzakh steppe and the effect of salinity and gypsum content on their current state, based on a comprehensive study, taking into account the peculiar conditions of the region, were not carried out to the proper extent.…”

Mineralogical-geochemical peculiarities of gold mineralization of deposit “Shirotny”, South Uzbekistan

“…The mineralization of the ore field is attributed by previous researchers to the quartz-sulfide-gold ore formation. However, the Shirotny deposit is considered to be a non-traditional apo carbonate type [1,2,7].…”