Landslides and mudflows in the Chechen Republic: synergetic aspects

Abstract

Currently, a synergistic approach is often used in various fields of knowledge to study various phenomena and processes. The paper evaluates a synergy of various factors in exogenous processes in a particular territory. Exogenous phenomena are identified to encompass geological processes that occur on the earth, in its uppermost layers. They either simplify or complicate the underlying relief. Synergism in exogenous processes can consist in simultaneous occurrence of landslides, mudflows and floods in appropriate conditions. The studies, to a certain extent, indicated the synergy in the behavior of the above mentioned phenomena. The research hypothesis implies the adaptation of the synergistic approach to the study of exogenous processes.

Exogenous relief-forming processes and phenomena on the territory of the Chechen Republic

“…divide the study area. The fitted model is then used to estimate the landslide exposure for each mapping unit [14].…”

“…Their development is mainly associated with waterlogging of slopes as a result of abnormal precipitation. In the lower parts of the slopes, along the sides of erosional incisions, the activation of these processes is also caused by erosion [16].…”

“…For landslide processes in the mountainous part, there is a stable long-term tendency to an increase in the regional activity of their manifestation, due to an increase in the energy of the relief. As a result of the high values of the speeds of modern tectonic movements; in the Black Mountains, the activation of the landslide process during anomalous periods of a natural character will manifest (be realized) both in the development of existing forms (landslides and slopes) and in the emergence of new ones; at present, landslide processes are most widespread on the slopes of river valleys cutting through the Black Mountains, and in the future the slopes of the Argun, Sharo-Argun, Hulkhulau, Aksai, Yamansu river valleys will remain the most potentially dangerous in this respect; natural activation of landslide processes in the Black Mountains is caused by: a) an increase in the moisture content of the slopes; b) a decrease in their stability as a result of undermining during the activation of channel (vertical and lateral) erosion, which assumes the use of precipitation, temperature, and water content of rivers in forecasting as predictors [16].…”

Potential landslide territories and their functional use in the Chechen Republic

“…In recent years, due to significant advances in InSAR technology in monitoring surface deformations, research has begun to use re-orbital radar interferometry time series to study regional active landslide hazards and obtain data on potential landslide hazards through human-computer interaction. interpretation [15,16]. However, previous studies often did not use the analysis of data from InSAR deformation results and all factors influencing the potential hazard of active landslides, and did not establish a relationship between the degree of surface deformation and causal factors, since the identification of active landslides based on deformation results was more complete by interpreting the interaction.…”

“…Absolute heights from 350-400 to 800-1200 meters above sea level. The main relief forms of the Black Mountains are the meridional or close to it direction of the ridges [16][17]. They rise gradually to the south and usually represent rather narrow watersheds between the transverse valleys of two neighboring rivers.…”