Landscape of Tumor Antigens in T Cell Immunotherapy

Ilyas, Sadia; Yang, James Chih‐Hsin

doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1501657

Cited by 135 publications

(106 citation statements)

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“…One group of antigens are known as tumor associated antigens (TAA) which are antigens that are overexpressed in cancer cells but can also be found on normal tissues (19,20). These include CD19, PRAME, MAGE, ERBB2, p53, and L2A5 (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30). Studies have shown that tumors possessing these antigens are more likely to induce tolerance and are less responsive to ICB (further explained below) (22,23).…”

Section: Tumor Immunosurveillance and Tumor Antigensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights Into Lung Cancer Immune-Based Biology, Prevention, and Treatment

et al. 2020

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Section: Tumor Immunosurveillance and Tumor Antigensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights Into Lung Cancer Immune-Based Biology, Prevention, and Treatment

et al. 2020

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“…Jager et al 1998; Knuth et al 1984; Lennerz et al 2005; Murray et al 1992; Pritchard et al 2015a; van der Bruggen et al 1991; Vella et al 2009), the translation of this to clinical application has largely resulted in low overall response rates (Ilyas and Yang 2015; Neller et al 2008), with some notable exceptions (e.g. Bollard et al 2014; Roskrow et al 1998; Tran et al 2014, 2016; Zacharakis et al 2018).…”

Section: Immunotherapeutic Potential Of Cancer Antigensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying neoantigens for use in immunotherapy

Hutchison

Pritchard

2018

Mamm Genome

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This review focuses on the types of cancer antigens that can be recognised by the immune system and form due to alterations in the cancer genome, including cancer testis, overexpressed and neoantigens. Specifically, neoantigens can form when cancer cell-specific mutations occur that result in alterations of the protein from 'self'. This type of antigen can result in an immune response sufficient to clear tumour cells when activated. Furthermore, studies have reported that the likelihood of successful immunotherapeutic targeting of cancer by many different methods was reliant on immune response to neoantigens. The recent resurgence of interest in the immune response to tumour cells, in conjunction with technological advances, has resulted in a large increase in the predicted, identified and functionally confirmed neoantigens. This growth in identified neoantigen sequences has increased the contents of training sets for algorithms, which in turn improves the prediction of which genetic mutations may form neoantigens. Additionally, algorithms predicting how proteins will be processed into peptide epitopes by the proteasome and which peptides bind to the transporter complex are also improving with this research. Now that large screens of all the tumour-specific protein altering mutations are possible, the emerging data from assessment of the immunogenicity of neoantigens suggest that only a minority of variants will form targetable epitopes. The potential for immunotherapeutic targeting of neoantigens will therefore be greater in cancers with a higher frequency of protein altering somatic variants. There is considerable potential in the use of neoantigens to treat patients, either alone or in combination with other immunotherapies and with continued advancements, these potentials will be realised.

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“…To sum up, the parameter x p can be interpreted as a measure of specificity of immunotherapeutic intervention. To present a microscopic view of the problem studied, we outline an interpretation in which x p integrates the basic mechanisms, such as the specific efficacy of the tumor-associated antigens, the ability of tumors to activate T-cell responses in-cluding the tumor recognition and the induction of cancer cell deaths [70]. By combining Eq.…”

Section: Diversification Of the Effects Of Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward understanding of the role of reversibility of phenotypic switching in the evolution of resistance to therapy

Horváth

Brutovsky

2018

Physics Letters A

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Reversibility of state transitions is intensively studied topic in many scientific disciplines over many years. In cell biology, it plays an important role in epigenetic variation of phenotypes, known as phenotypic plasticity. More interestingly, the cell state reversibility is probably crucial in the adaptation of population phenotypic heterogeneity to environmental fluctuations by evolving bet-hedging strategy, which might confer to cancer cells resistance to therapy. In this article, we propose a formalization of the evolution of highly reversible states in the environments of periodic variability. Two interrelated models of heterogeneous cell populations are proposed and their behavior is studied. The first model captures selection dynamics of the cell clones for the respective levels of phenotypic reversibility. The second model focuses on the interplay between reversibility and drug resistance in the particular case of cancer. Overall, our results show that the threshold dependencies are emergent features of the investigated model with eventual therapeutic relevance. Presented examples demonstrate importance of taking into account cell to cell heterogeneity within a system of clones with different reversibility quantified by appropriately chosen genetic and epigenetic entropy measures.

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Landscape of Tumor Antigens in T Cell Immunotherapy

Cited by 135 publications

References 50 publications

Insights Into Lung Cancer Immune-Based Biology, Prevention, and Treatment

Insights Into Lung Cancer Immune-Based Biology, Prevention, and Treatment

Identifying neoantigens for use in immunotherapy

Toward understanding of the role of reversibility of phenotypic switching in the evolution of resistance to therapy

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