Landscape Modeling of the Potential Natural Vegetation of Santa Catalina Island, California

Longcore, Travis; Noujdina, Nina; Dixon, Peter

doi:10.3398/064.078.0406

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Numerous fuels management practices can promote the spread of exotic herbs (Potts et al, 2010; Underwood et al, 2018b). Intense browsing can lead to mortality of shrubs after a fire (Figure 1C; Ramirez et al, 2012; Jacobsen et al, 2018), especially on islands (Minnich, 1982; Longcore et al, 2018; Salladay and Ramirez, 2018), or if fires are small so that herbivory is concentrated. Atmospheric nitrogen deposition has been linked to VTC in California sage scrub (Talluto and Suding, 2008), and it can interact with drought (Valliere et al, 2017); however, support for this pattern in chaparral has been mixed (Syphard et al, 2019b).…”

Section: Causes Of Chaparral Vegetation‐type Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation‐type conversion of evergreen chaparral shrublands to savannahs dominated by exotic annual herbs: causes and consequences for ecosystem function

Pratt

2021

American J of Botany

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Woody, evergreen shrublands are the archetypal community in mediterranean‐type ecosystems, and these communities are profoundly changed when they undergo vegetation‐type conversion (VTC) to become annual, herb‐dominated communities. Recently, VTC has occurred throughout southern California chaparral shrublands, likely with changes in important ecosystem functions. The mechanisms that lead to VTC and subsequent changes to ecosystem processes are important to understand as they have regional and global implications for ecosystem services, climate change, land management, and policy. The main drivers of VTC are altered fire regimes, aridity, and anthropogenic disturbance. Some changes to ecosystem function are certain to occur with VTC, but their magnitudes are unclear, whereas other changes are unpredictable. I present two hypotheses: (1) VTC leads to warming that creates a positive feedback promoting additional VTC, and (2) altered nitrogen dynamics create negative feedbacks and promote an alternative stable state in which communities are dominated by herbs. The patterns described for California are mostly relevant to the other mediterranean‐type shrublands of the globe, which are biodiversity hotspots and threatened by VTC. This review examines the extent and causes of VTC, ecosystem effects, and future research priorities.

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Section: Causes Of Chaparral Vegetation‐type Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation‐type conversion of evergreen chaparral shrublands to savannahs dominated by exotic annual herbs: causes and consequences for ecosystem function

Pratt

2021

American J of Botany

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“…species) as a response to a set of supplied predictors (Halvorsen, 2012). Although single species are the most common target for distribution modelling (Henderson, Ohmann, Gregory, Roberts, & Zald, 2014), distribution modelling methods are, in principle, applicable to target objects of many kinds, for example, species assemblages or species groups (Pottier et al, 2013), patterns of species richness (Santos et al, 2020), plant communities (Franklin, 2013;Jiménez-Alfaro et al, 2018;Ovaskainen & Soininen, 2011), potential vegetation (Hemsing & Bryn, 2012), present and past "vegetation types" (Horvath et al, 2019;Janská et al, 2017;Longcore, Noujdina, & Dixon, 2019) and "ecosystem types" (Halvorsen, 2012). In this article, we use the term "ecosystem-level distribution modelling" (EDM) as an umbrella term for distribution modelling with units above the species level as modelling targets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%