“…On the landscape level, soil conditions were the focus of a few studies (e.g., Cornelissen et al, 2012), but macroclimate was only rarely examined (e.g., Müller et al, 2014). Of the biotic features of dead wood, the amount of dead wood was most frequently manipulated in all climate zones, for example by exposing different numbers of logs (Manning et al, 2013) or by cutting, topping or girdling different numbers of trees (e.g., Kroll et al, 2012;Ulyshen and Hanula, 2009b). Only six or fewer studies manipulated the horizontal distribution of snags (Walter and Maguire, 2005) or logs (Barton et al, 2011) or tree species diversity (Seibold et al, 2014).…”