Landmarks in the diagnosis and treatment of renal cell carcinoma

Bhatt, Jaimin R.; Finelli, Antonio

doi:10.1038/nrurol.2014.194

Cited by 181 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 146 publications

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“…Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the predominant and most lethal histology accounting for about 87% of these malignancies 2, 3. Historically, RCC has been labeled as a “radio‐resistant tumor” and surgical nephrectomy was considered the cornerstone of treatment for RCC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis for renal stereotactic body radiotherapy using Cyberknife, VMAT and proton therapy based treatment planning

Baydoun

Vapiwala

Ponsky

et al. 2018

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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PurposeWe conducted this dosimetric analysis to evaluate the feasibility of a multi‐center stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) trial for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) using different SBRT platforms.Materials/methodsThe computed tomography (CT) simulation images of 10 patients with unilateral RCC previously treated on a Phase 1 trial at Institution 1 were anonymized and shared with Institution 2 after IRB approval. Treatment planning was generated through five different platforms aiming a total dose of 48 Gy in three fractions. These platforms included: Cyberknife and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) at institution 1, and Cyberknife, VMAT, and pencil beam scanning (PBS) Proton Therapy at institution 2. Dose constraints were based on the Phase 1 approved trial.ResultsCompared to Cyberknife, VMAT and PBS plans provided overall an equivalent or superior coverage to the target volume, while limiting dose to the remaining kidney, contralateral kidney, liver, spinal cord, and bowel.ConclusionThis dosimetric study supports the feasibility of a multi‐center trial for renal SBRT using PBS, VMAT and Cyberknife.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis for renal stereotactic body radiotherapy using Cyberknife, VMAT and proton therapy based treatment planning

Baydoun

Vapiwala

Ponsky

et al. 2018

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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“…Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most lethal urological cancer, accounting for 87% of all renal malignancies and 2-3% of all cancers (4). In the past two decades, the global incidence of RCC has increased by 2% per year (4).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In the past two decades, the global incidence of RCC has increased by 2% per year (4). Worldwide, the agestandardized incidence and mortality of RCC were 6 per 100,000 and 2.1 per 100,000 respectively (43).…”

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confidence: 99%

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<b>Cordycepin induces apoptotic cell death and inhibits cell migration in renal cell carcinoma via regulation of microRNA-21 and PTEN </b><b>phosphatase </b>

et al. 2017

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Cordycepin is an active component extracted from Traditional Chinese medical herb Cordyceps militaris. Many reports demonstrated that cordycepin harbors antitumor activity in a broad spectrum of cancer types. In this study the actions and the underneath molecular mechanisms of cordycepin were investigated in renal cell carcinoma Caki-1 cell line. Results showed that cordycepin induced apoptotic cell death and inhibited cell migration in Caki-1 cells. Quantitative real-time PCR results and western blot analyses indicated cordycepin dose-dependently decreased microRNA-21 expression and Akt phosphorylation levels in Caki-1 cells, but increased PTEN phosphatase levels. Block of cordycepin-induced microRNA-21 decrease or PTEN increase in Caki-1 cells by transfection of microRNA-21 mimic or PTEN siRNA significantly attenuated cordycepin-induced cell death and inhibition of cell migration. Taken together, findings in present study suggested that cordycepin induced apoptotic cell death in renal cell carcinoma through regulation of microRNA-21 and PTEN phosphatase. Furthermore, present study also firstly illustrated that cordycepin inhibited cell migration of renal cell carcinoma, which also involved micro-RNA-21 and PTEN phosphatase.Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most lethal urological cancer, accounting for 87% of all renal malignancies and 2-3% of all cancers (4). In the past two decades, the global incidence of RCC has increased by 2% per year (4). Worldwide, the agestandardized incidence and mortality of RCC were 6 per 100,000 and 2.1 per 100,000 respectively (43). Despite advance in diagnostic techniques, up to 20-30% of patients with RCC present with metastasis (4). The prognosis of RCC has historically been poor, with 5-year survival rate of 8% among patients with metastatic RCC (9). Although recent progress about understanding of the pathogenesis of RCC has led to novel immune-based and targeted treatments for this chemoresistant cancer, no one drug obtains overall response rate of 100% and durable complete responses (4, 9). Development of neo-adjuvant therapy is still in a demand at present. Cordycepin is a main active composition extracted from Cordyceps militaris and has been reported to harbor anti-tumor activity in a broad spectrum of cancer types, including lung cancer (50), ovarian cancer (46), leukemia (30), breast cancer (47), and so on (33). Two recent reports firstly demonstrated that cordycepin could induce apoptosis in renal cell carcinoma through Erk-JNK signaling pathway (20,48) and indicated the potential application of cordycepin in treating renal cell carcinoma. However, the actions and the underneath molecular mechanisms of cordycepin in renal cell carcinoma are not definitely clear and warrant extensive and further investigations. Recently, a comprehensive molecular analysis

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“…The most common histopathological subtypes are clear cell (60%-75%), papillary (10%-15%), chromophobe (5%), and collecting duct carcinomas 1 . Xp11.2 translocation RCC (Xp11.2 RCC) is a rare subtype that was recognized as a distinctive pathological entity in the 2004 World Health Organization renal tumor classification 2,3 .…”

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confidence: 99%

PD-L1 expression in Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma: Indicator of tumor aggressiveness

Qu¹,

Chang²,

Dai³

et al. 2017

European Urology Supplements

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Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), a promising antitumor target, has proven clinical value against many malignancies. However, the PD-L1 content of Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma (Xp11.2 RCC) and its correlation with clinical outcomes remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate PD-L1 expression in Xp11.2 RCC and to assess its prognostic value. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens from 36 adult patients that were histologically confirmed (by fluorescence in situ hybridization) were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis. Of the 36 Xp11.2 RCC patients, 9 (25.0%) had tumors with positive PD-L1 expression and 27 (75.0%) had tumors with negative PD-L1 expression. Positive PD-L1 expression correlated with advanced tumor stage (P = 0.001), regional lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001), and distant metastasis (P < 0.001). A multivariate analysis identified positive PD-L1 expression was an independent adverse prognostic factor for both progression free survival (hazard ratio: 3.7, P = 0.018) and overall survival (hazard ratio: 4.5, P = 0.034). Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is widely recognized as a heterogeneous disease with various histological subtypes. The most common histopathological subtypes are clear cell (60%-75%), papillary (10%-15%), chromophobe (5%), and collecting duct carcinomas 1 . Xp11.2 translocation RCC (Xp11.2 RCC) is a rare subtype that was recognized as a distinctive pathological entity in the 2004 World Health Organization renal tumor classification 2, 3 . Xp11.2 RCC is characterized by several translocations on chromosome Xp11.2, resulting in gene fusion between TFE3 and at least six possible partners [4][5][6] .As it is a rare RCC subtype, the best treatment for Xp11.2 RCC has not been defined. Surgery is the optimal treatment for localized Xp11.2 RCC patients, including those with positive regional lymph nodes 7 . However, previous studies indicate that Xp11.2 RCC presents at an advanced stage with a rapid clinical course 8,9 . As a result, systematic treatment may be indispensable for most patients. Anti-VEGF drugs are reported to have activity against metastatic Xp11.2 RCC 10, 11 . However, Xp11.2 RCC has poor prognosis regardless of treatment 12,13 . Therefore, new, effective treatments are desperately needed for patients with this tumor type.Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting the programmed death 1 (PD1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) pathway have achieved impressive response rates in patients with melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and bladder cancer, and PD-L1 has been validated as a predictive biomarker for the outcome of mAb therapy in many studies [14][15][16] . However, its prognostic and clinical value in patients with Xp11.2 RCC subtypes is unknown. In this study, we sought to investigate the levels of PD-L1 expression and its correlation with clinical outcome in a series of patients with Xp11.2 RCC that was histologically confirmed using TFE3 break-apart fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).

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Landmarks in the diagnosis and treatment of renal cell carcinoma

Cited by 181 publications

References 146 publications

Comparative analysis for renal stereotactic body radiotherapy using Cyberknife, VMAT and proton therapy based treatment planning

Comparative analysis for renal stereotactic body radiotherapy using Cyberknife, VMAT and proton therapy based treatment planning

<b>Cordycepin induces apoptotic cell death and inhibits cell migration in renal cell carcinoma via regulation of microRNA-21 and PTEN </b><b>phosphatase </b>

PD-L1 expression in Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma: Indicator of tumor aggressiveness

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