Land use policy and agricultural water management of the previous half of century in Africa

Valipour, Mohammad

doi:10.1007/s13201-014-0199-1

Cited by 122 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…in Africa irrigation equipped areas are rare [65] [66] [67] [68]. In Africa, farmers have to be encouraged to use irrigation systems and raise cropping intensity [67]. Therefore, agricultural water management needs specific attention in Africa [68].…”

Section: Land Use and Management Changementioning

confidence: 99%

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Infectious Disease Research—What Role Is There for Hydrologists?

Heinrich¹,

Bach²

2017

JWARP

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Numerous virulent and widespread diseases are related to water. The transmission and outbreak of water-related diseases are closely coupled to their hydrological environment. Changes in this environment and the associated hydrological processes may affect the occurrence and virulence of waterrelated diseases. Environmental changes can be manifold, including e.g. climate and land use, agricultural management or urbanization. Water fluxes and storages play a dominant role in describing disease outbreak, transmission and transport. New land cover types often alter landscape scale water storages. If the effects of changes could be better understood, predictions about the distribution, emergence or outbreak of water-related diseases would be possible. Furthermore, the collaboration of experts from different disciplines is essential for accurate spatial and temporal prediction of water-related disease outbreaks. Here we review the current state of knowledge of waterrelated diseases and present a general classification of these diseases, followed by a discussion of their major drivers. This review focuses particularly on hydrologists and how they can contribute with their understanding of hydrological processes.

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Section: Land Use and Management Changementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, agricultural water management needs specific attention in Africa [68]. Furthermore, [67] shows that 46% of cultivated areas in the world are not suitable for rainfed agriculture because of climate change and other meteorological conditions. Valipour [66] [ …”

Section: Land Use and Management Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious Disease Research—What Role Is There for Hydrologists?

Heinrich¹,

Bach²

2017

JWARP

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“…efficiency in the context of water resource management. Valipour (2015bValipour ( , 2016b considered the proportion of area equipped for irrigation to cultivate area is one of the main indices to assess agricultural water management. According to the estimation by Valipour (2013c), the index is significantly lower in Africa compared with Africa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical Efficiency of Olive-growing Farms in the Northern West Bank of Palestine

Kashiwagi¹

2017

SAR

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This study examines the firm-level technical efficiency of olive-growing farms in the West Bank of Palestine. Using a sample of 176 olive farms in the Jenin governorate collected during September 2015, we estimated the Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier production function. The results suggest that higher levels of education of the head of farm households and farms with a higher density of olive trees are associated with higher technical efficiency. The introduction of irrigation had a marginal effect on upgrading efficiency. Enlarging the irrigated area had a negative effect, but increasing the number of years of irrigation had a positive impact on efficiency. While the impact of access to export markets on technical efficiency was negative and farms oriented towards domestic consumption of olive oil showed lower efficiency, access to markets through olive presses and middlemen contributed to improve efficiency. The results of the chosen half-normal model suggest that olive farms in Jenin have the potential to increase production by 51.4% through more efficient use of technology and production inputs. These results imply promotion of intensive farming with mature olive trees and expansion of market access could contribute to improve technical efficiency of olive farms in the West Bank even under severe geographical and geopolitical conditions.

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“…A myriad of studies have interrogated Africa's water and sanitation problems over the past two decades (Collignon and Vézina, 2000;Vörösmarty et al, 2005;Siebrits et al, 2014;Valipour, 2015) and researchers from disciplines as far ranging as geopolitics (Heijnen et al, 2014;Valipour, 2015) and microbiology (Nyenje et al, 2010) have tried to identify the challenges and potential solutions. However, very few of these studies (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water security in South Africa: perceptions on public expectations and municipal obligations, governance and water re-use

Sershen

Rodda

Stenström

et al. 2016

WSA

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South Africa is a water-scarce country with increasing pressure on its water resources. Urgent interventions are needed to protect water security within this rapidly developing country. This paper reports on an interdisciplinary Water Security Colloquium, convened by the South African Young Academy of Science in 2014. A selected group of water professionals from academia, civil society and local government was brought together to discuss water security under three focus themes: 'public expectations and municipal obligations' , 'water security and governance: challenges and advances' , and 'water re-use: health and infrastructural considerations' . Participant perceptions were generated using a focus group methodology, combined with participatory data collection methods. Under each theme, inputs were categorised as 'challenges' , 'gaps in knowledge' , and 'solutions/recommendations' and these inputs were thereafter ranked in order of importance via a 'voting' process. Major challenges perceived included a lack of both skills and political will in government, a need to restore citizen trust in government intention and capability to deliver water-related services, and a failure to up-scale existing water re-use technology. Participants identified understanding of the process and implications of the Green and Blue Drop Programmes, knowledge transfer to the public, and the role of educators as major knowledge gaps. The top suggestions proposed included creating public awareness around and buy-in to initiatives to improve water security, accessible and user-friendly conversion of research results to implementation, and ensuring an active role for educators in creating awareness around water security. In view of the concerns identified, participants suggested as potential solutions: improving government and public understanding around water issues, incentivising water re-use and conservation, introducing rising block tariffs and improving human capacity development in the water sector. Developing the ecological infrastructure that protects both quantity and quality of water and building strong partnerships among all stakeholders were also recognised as key.

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Land use policy and agricultural water management of the previous half of century in Africa

Cited by 122 publications

References 64 publications

Infectious Disease Research—What Role Is There for Hydrologists?

Infectious Disease Research—What Role Is There for Hydrologists?

Technical Efficiency of Olive-growing Farms in the Northern West Bank of Palestine

Water security in South Africa: perceptions on public expectations and municipal obligations, governance and water re-use

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