Land use policies considering a natural ecosystem

Yoshida, Jun; Kono, Tatsuhito

doi:10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2020.103552

Cited by 5 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In reality, the population allocation can change depending on how embankments are constructed. Indeed, many land use studies consider migration to explore the social welfare (e.g., Domon et al, 2022;Kono & Joshi, 2018;Kono & Joshi, 2019;Kono & Kawaguchi, 2017;Pines & Kono, 2012;Yoshida & Kono, 2020). Future studies should consider this endogenous migration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How should river embankments be spatially developed, from the upstream section or the downstream section?

Koma

Kono

Kazama

2022

J Flood Risk Management

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Using an economic model of how river embankments affect local residents, we explore the efficiency of embankment construction from two viewpoints:(1) which section of a river should be constructed first, the upstream or downstream section, and (2) how tall the embankments should be constructed depending on the section. For this purpose, we first develop a model to determine efficient construction of embankments using a hydraulic model. Then, we perform numerical simulations, which are calibrated with recorded ground data for the Kitakami and Abukuma Rivers. The results reveal that the construction from the upstream section can be efficient if the upstream section has a much larger population than the downstream section. We show that constructing higher embankments in the upstream section generates negative externalities in the downstream section because it increases the possibility of flooding in the downstream section. In addition, when the amount of inflow from tributaries into the downstream section is sufficiently large compared to that into the upstream section, embankments with efficient heights bring about Pareto improvements, giving benefit to residents in the downstream section as well as the upstream section. Moreover, we show that the efficient embankment heights depend on which section the construction starts from. K E Y W O R D Scost-benefit analysis, flood control planning, kinematic wave method, river embankments, spatial developments | INTRODUCTIONRecently, due to torrential rains probably associated with climate change, serious flood damage has occurred in various regions all over the world. For example, in Japan, recent torrential rains, such as the "2020 July Rains" and the "2019 East Japan Typhoon," have caused rivers to overflow and cities to be inundated, resulting in disasters. In Europe, in July in 2021, huge river floods in the Rhine river basin due to torrential rains caused the death of over 180 people. Such torrential rains are supposed to be caused by climate change. So, there is a possibility that the number of flood disasters will increase in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How should river embankments be spatially developed, from the upstream section or the downstream section?

Koma

Kono

Kazama

2022

J Flood Risk Management

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“…We use the urban-ecosystem model for a closed monocentric city surrounded by natural habitat proposed by [8], the geographical pattern of which is depicted in Figure 1. In the model, land is divided into the following three zones: (i) central business district (CBD) (x = 0); (ii) housing zone (x ∈ [0, Z H ]); and (iii) natural habitat (x ∈ [Z H , Z A ]), where Z H is the urban boundary and Z A is an exogenous boundary of the natural habitat.…”

Section: The Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Technically, we estimate the welfare effects of these land-use regulations on biodiversity and the degree of the conflict. We use the model of [8], which considers spatial densities of land use for humans, carnivores, herbivores, and plants in cities and natural habitats. This model can consider the way in which spatially dependent interactions between humans and wildlife creatures within a city affect overall biodiversity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these studies consider only the effects of the respective area sizes of humans and wildlife, not the interaction between humans and wildlife which takes place spatially. [8] developed a theoretical model explicitly considering the human population density, where and how long carnivores stay in the urban areas, where and how long herbivores stay in natural habitats, and plant density in order to understand spatially dependent interactions between humans and wildlife in a closed monocentric city, i.e., a city with an exogenous human population and one Central Business District (CBD). Using this model, they theoretically derived the second-best optimal conditions for land-use policies that protect human lives while preserving the ecosystem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While [8] developed a theoretical model for land use regulation considering the ecosystem, this paper quantitatively obtains the optimal land use regulation for the conflict situation between humans and coyotes in the DMA. Technically, we apply their [8] model to human-coyote conflicts in the DMA in order to measure the overall welfare effect of the urban boundary regulation through decrease in human-coyote conflicts and change in the populations of both coyotes and the herbivores which are coyotes' primary diet, as well as of plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Optimal Land Use Regulation for Human–Coyote Conflicts in the Denver Metropolitan Area

Yoshida

Kono

2022

Sustainability

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While human–wildlife conflicts are an emerging problem in urban areas, wildlife conservation is needed to sustain human life. Because the degree of conflict depends on land cover types and housing density classes, land-use policies intended to influence both resident and wildlife behavior are needed. This paper numerically simulates the optimal urban boundary regulation to reduce human–coyote conflicts and conserve the ecosystem. Given the parameters of the Denver Metropolitan Area, the optimal location of the urban boundary is estimated as 1 km farther away from the market city boundary. As a result of the optimization more coyotes emerge in urban areas, while fewer herbivores and plants emerge in natural habitats. Because of a “cascade effect”, that is, secondary-and-later effects on the number of certain species through a food chain, the optimal result sees the number of plants increase with a smaller natural habitat than the market size. This indicates that because both direct and cascade effects are affected by the degree of land-use policies, it is necessary to consider the cascade effect when designing these policies.

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Cities and biodiversity: Spatial efficiency of land use

Yoshida

Kono

2022

Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization

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Land use policies considering a natural ecosystem

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

How should river embankments be spatially developed, from the upstream section or the downstream section?

How should river embankments be spatially developed, from the upstream section or the downstream section?

Optimal Land Use Regulation for Human–Coyote Conflicts in the Denver Metropolitan Area

Cities and biodiversity: Spatial efficiency of land use

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