Land use changes in protected areas and their future: The legal effectiveness of landscape protection

Terra, Talita Nogueira; Santos, Rozely Ferreira dos; Costa, Diógenes Cortijo

doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2013.12.003

Cited by 41 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In other countries, Sims (2014) found that legally stringent reserves in Thailand were more effective at preventing forest loss and fragmentation than more legally lenient national parks, though management effort was not assessed and could have also been greater in reserves. Similarly, Linardi et al (2013) and Terra et al (2014) found that legal stringency reduced negative LULC changes for biodiversity in Brazil's Atlantic forests compared to multiple-use regulations, although intense social pressure and inadequate management and governance limited their full effectiveness. Indirect effectiveness of PAs' legal stringency was also suggested for a global sample of PAs through isolation metrics (Seiferling et al, 2012).…”

Section: Pa Effectiveness Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protected area effectiveness against land development in Spain

Rodríguez‐Rodríguez

Martínez‐Vega

2018

Journal of Environmental Management

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Land use-land cover (LULC) changes towards artificial covers are one of the main global threats to biodiversity conservation. In this comprehensive study, we tested a number of methodological and research hypotheses, and a new covariate control technique in order to address common protected area (PA) assessment issues and accurately assess whether different PA networks have had an effect at preventing development of artificial LULCs in Spain, a highly biodiverse country that has experienced massive socioeconomic transformations in the past two decades. We used digital census data for four PA networks designated between 1990 and 2000: Nature Reserves (NRs), Nature Parks (NPs), Sites of Community Importance (SCIs) and Special Protection Areas (SPAs). We analysed the effect of explanatory variables on the ecological effectiveness of protected polygons (PPs): Legislation stringency, cummulative legal designations, management, size, age and bio-physical characteristics. A multiple Before-After-Control-Impact (BACI) semi-experimental research design was used whereby artificial land cover increase (ALCI) and proportional artificial land cover increase (PALCI) results were compared inside and outside PAs, using 1km and 5km buffer areas surrounding PAs as controls. LULC data were retrieved from Corine Land Cover (CLC) 1990 and 2006 data. Results from three spatial-statistical models using progressively restrictive criteria to select control areas increasingly more accurate and similar to the assessed PPs were compared. PAs were a generally effective territorial policy to prevent land development in Spain. NRs were the most effective PA category, with no new artificial covers in the assessed period, although exact causality could not be attributed due to overlaps. SPAs were the least effective category, with worse ALCI data than their control areas. Legal protection was effective against land development, which was influenced by most biophysical variables. However, cumulative legal designations and PA management did not seem to influence land development. The spatial-statistical technique used to make cases and control environmentally similar did not produce consistent outcomes and should be refined.

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Section: Pa Effectiveness Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protected area effectiveness against land development in Spain

Rodríguez‐Rodríguez

Martínez‐Vega

2018

Journal of Environmental Management

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“…Knowledge of land-use and cover changes and the driving forces is a fundamental tool for landscape planning and management, especially in protected areas (Álvarez Martínez et al 2011). Human activities can also be a major threat to biodiversity as a result of the destruction of natural vegetation and the fragmentation or isolation of natural areas across different scales (Terra et al 2014). Protected areas or parks are established to limit the effects of changes within delineated areas that are often located in areas of high biodiversity; these areas are assumed to be large enough to effectively protect endangered species (Verburg et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in rangeland cover associated with livestock grazing in Altun National Nature Reserve, northwest Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Dong

et al. 2015

Rangel. J.

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The Altun National Nature Reserve, located on the northern edge of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau of China, is one of 35 most important biodiversity sites worldwide. Land-use and cover change are affecting this alpine ecosystem. A supervised classification was used to classify types containing meadow, steppe, sparse rangeland, and non-rangeland environments based on Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery data. By conducting an aggregation analysis using a Geographic Information System an analysis of changes from 1990 to 2010 was conducted. The results demonstrated that sparse rangeland was the most widespread vegetation type and underwent significant changes over the period. The area of sparse rangeland increased by 64.4 km2 from 1990 to 1995 and by 49.3 km2 from 1995 to 2000. However, the area of sparse rangeland decreased by 99.2 km2 from 2000 to 2005 and by 247.4 km2 from 2005 to 2010. The major areas of change were primarily located in the vicinities of the Yishakipati central inspection station, the Kardun inspection station, and Ayakkum, Aqqikkol and Jingyu Lakes. There was a positive correlation between the change in area of sparse rangeland and the amount of livestock grazing. The change in non-rangeland was significantly negatively correlated with the amount of livestock grazing during the period in the grazing area. Appropriate livestock grazing may be essential for promoting the resilience of the predominant ecosystems and key habitats of wildlife in the Altun National Nature Reserve.

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“…With reference to the second group (i.e., studies also concerning bordering areas), Scharsich et al [19] compare the rate of land cover changes within the Matobo National Park and its surroundings by analyzing 1989, 1998 and 2014 Landsat images, while Ament and Cumming [20] compare land cover changes over a ten-year time period inside nineteen national parks and their neighboring areas in South Africa. Moreover, Terra et al [21] compare land uses changes for the years 1962, 1980, 2001 and 2007 within two protected areas in Brazil, the Despraiado Sustainable Development Reserve, and the Jureia-Itatins State Ecological Station, and within a buffer zone to analyze the impacts of legal regulations on environmental protection. Votsi et al [22] use information provided by land uses to analyze an integrated network composed by protected areas, that is N2Ss , and quiet areas, zones characterized the absence of all those noises produced by human activities.…”

Section: Effectiveness Of Protected Areas In Maintaining Biodiversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropization Processes and Protection of the Environment: An Assessment of Land Cover Changes in Sardinia, Italy

2017

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Protection of the environment is implemented through preventive and mitigating measures aimed at hindering anthropization processes. These measures may possibly entail the establishment of natural protected areas and sites where conservation measures are stated under the provisions of the "Habitats" Directive (No. 92/43/EEC) and Directive No. 2009/147/EC (the so-called "Birds" Directive, which modifies Directive No. 79/409/EEC). A straightforward way of assessing widespread anthropization processes consists in analyzing land cover changes related artificialization processes concerning natural areas. In this study, we assess land cover changes by using the simplified land cover taxonomy of the Land and Ecosystem Account classes and by analyzing transition processes; in addition, we propose a comparative appraisal of land cover changes occurring in areas characterized by different protection regimes, as follows: areas protected under the provisions of national or regional acts or regulations; sites belonging to the Natura 2000 network, that is, protected under the Habitats or Birds Directives; and unprotected areas. We analyze anthropization processes that take place in Sardinia, an Italian insular region characterized by the presence of several national and regional protected areas and by a significant system of Natura 2000 sites, and assess land cover changes over a twelve-year period (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012). The outcomes of our study put in evidence important lessons related to the definition and implementation of planning policies aiming at preventing anthropization processes in Sardinia. Moreover, the assessment methodology we implement in our study can be exported to other European regions to set up planning processes that fit the local features of land cover changes.

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Land use changes in protected areas and their future: The legal effectiveness of landscape protection

Cited by 41 publications

References 13 publications

Protected area effectiveness against land development in Spain

Protected area effectiveness against land development in Spain

Changes in rangeland cover associated with livestock grazing in Altun National Nature Reserve, northwest Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Anthropization Processes and Protection of the Environment: An Assessment of Land Cover Changes in Sardinia, Italy

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