Land grabbing, social differentiation, intensified migration and food security in northern Ghana

Nyantakyi-Frimpong, Hanson; Kerr, Rachel Bezner

doi:10.1080/03066150.2016.1228629

Cited by 95 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…As the world population keeps urbanizing, the relations between the urban and rural have intensified, playing an important role in agrarian transitions through the diversification of livelihoods, lifestyles and peasant economies in rural settings (Kelly, 2011; Klooster, 2013; Robson, Klooster, Worthen, & Hernández‐Díaz, 2018). In the global South, international circular labour migration and remittances have come to play an important role in peasant livelihoods generating processes of both ‘deactivation’ and ‘repeasantization’ (Sunam & McCarthy, 2016; Nyantakyi‐Frimpong & Bezner Kerr, 2017). While increased migration can be an outcome of agrarian transitions, it is also a driver of transformations in rural areas, influencing changes in terms of access to and use of productive land and water (Kelly, 2011), collective action (Klooster, 2013; Lira, Robson, & Klooster, 2016), territory and culture (Robson, Klooster, Worthen, & Hernández‐Díaz, 2018).…”

Section: Differentiation (New) Peasant Economies and Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In response, smallholders agriculture has, by and large, developed into two directions: the production of outputs for the market (lining up farming to the needs and logic of capital) and the development of production that does not depend on markets for inputs, building mainly on internal resources, while maintaining rural livelihoods through external sources of income (van der Ploeg, 2008, 2010). These agricultural changes, that sometimes run in parallel on one production unit, have gone hand in hand with increased circular and permanent flows of rural–urban (international and national) migration and proletarianization (Gray & Bilsborrow, 2014; Nyantakyi‐Frimpong & Bezner Kerr, 2017; Sunam & McCarthy, 2016). These processes have added increased complexity to the multidimensional reality of the peasantry and its development in specific environmental contexts (Bernstein, Friedmann, van der Ploeg, Shanin, & White, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The end of the rural/urban divide? Migration, proletarianization, differentiation and peasant production in an ejido, Central Mexico

Hoogesteger

Rivara²

2020

Journal of Agrarian Change

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This article explores the relations between agricultural production, international migration, wage labour and processes of differentiation among peasant households. It does so based on the analysis of the ejido Jesús María in the northeast of the state of Guanajuato, Central Mexico. The history of this ejido and how Mexican neoliberal policies led to increased levels of migration and proletarianization since at least the early 1990s is presented. Then, it presents how in this context the production of asparagus for agro‐export developed on the irrigated lands of this ejido, showing that this process went hand in hand with social differentiation and important changes in the distribution of land and water. Then, it presents the results of a household and production survey that shows that most peasant households combine agricultural production with local urban and rural wage labour, migration, remittances and/or other economic activities. Households that can live from agriculture alone have had important capital investments in agricultural production coming from international migration and remittances. Based on these results, it argues that, as rural communities become increasingly dependent on external ‘urban/global’ capital, the rural/urban divide has become increasingly permeable with important consequences for peasant economies and related social differentiation processes.

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Section: Differentiation (New) Peasant Economies and Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The end of the rural/urban divide? Migration, proletarianization, differentiation and peasant production in an ejido, Central Mexico

Hoogesteger

Rivara²

2020

Journal of Agrarian Change

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“…This dominant claim is often projected in contrast to mainstream perspectives that show optimism about the development potentials of regulated land deals (see Deininger et al, 2011). The dispossession narrative does not only emerge from the discourses of (West African) food sovereignty movements but also resonates with several theoretical postulations and empirical research on the impacts of historical enclosures and contemporary large-scale land acquisitions (Hall, 2013;Levien, 2013;Fonjong, Sama-Lang, Fombe, & Abonge, 2016;Nyantakyi-Frimpong & Bezner Kerr, 2017). In 2012, the leadership of ROPPA played vital roles in the Food and Agricultural Organization's (FAO) committee for food security to reject and suggest alternatives to the World Bank's principles for responsible investments for legitimatizing land grabs instead of protecting the needs of family farmers 10 (ROPPA, 2014a).…”

Section: Dominant Narratives In the Food Sovereignty Discourse In Wesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land grabs, farmworkers, and rural livelihoods in West Africa: some silences in the food sovereignty discourse

Gyapong

2020

Globalizations

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The global land rush has spurred small, modest, and big anti-land grab mobilizations, notably the food sovereignty movement. The movement has been instrumental in representing the interests of small-scale family farmers whose livelihoods are threatened by capitalist control over land in the countryside. However, this dominant narrative tends to overlook or deemphasize some important diversity within the peasantry. In West Africa, anti-land grab discourses emphasize family farming as a major collective action frame, focusing less on issues related to agricultural wage labourfarmworkers' access to land, food, and decent working conditions. If food sovereignty is to fully realize its potential power as a counter-narrative to neoliberalism, and as a possible democratic alternative for working people with differentiated and at times competing socio-economic interests, then demands that adequately reflect the agrarian struggles of the rural working people have to be put onto the agenda and engaged better than it is now.

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“…Multiple indicators are increasingly applied to derive multidimensional food security information from household or nutrition surveys, reflecting food access, nutrition, utilization and safety. There is a drive toward standardization of surveys on food security (Nicholson et al, 2019), for example in the application of the Rural Household Multi-Indicator Survey (RHoMIS), which is increasingly used by CGIAR research institutes and their partners. RHoMIS has been designed to enable a more holistic assessment of progress toward the SDGs, specifically around goals 1, 2, 5, and 13 in recognition of the interdependence of issues of poverty, food insecurity and gender equality (Frelat et al, 2016;Hammond et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiences and Drivers of Food Insecurity in Guatemala's Dry Corridor: Insights From the Integration of Ethnographic and Household Survey Data

Beveridge

Fraval

Wijk

et al. 2019

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Eradicating hunger is a complex and multifaceted challenge, requiring evidence bases that can inform wide scale action, but that are also participatory and grounded to have local relevance and effectiveness. The Rural Household Multi-Indicator Surveys (RHoMIS) provides a broad assessment of household capabilities and food security outcomes, while ethnographic approaches evidence how individuals' perceptions, experiences and local socio-political context shape food security experiences and intervention outcomes. However, integrating these research approaches presents methodological and ontological challenges. We combine a quantitative approach with life history interviews to understand the drivers, experiences and outcomes of food insecurity in Guatemala's dry corridor region. We also reflect on the effectiveness and challenges of integrating the two methods for purposes of selective sampling, triangulating evidence, and producing a cohesive analyses of food insecurity in the region. Variables with a statistically significant association with severe food insecurity in the region are: coffee cultivation (when market participation is low), dependence on agricultural labor income, and poverty level. Drivers of food insecurity experiences most commonly identified by participants are: consecutive drought; ill health and displacement of income for medicine; social marginalization; high start-up costs in production; absence or separation of a household head; and a lack of income and education opportunity. Ethnographic approaches identify a broader range of drivers contributing to food insecurity experiences, and add explanatory power to a statistical model of severe food insecurity. This integrated analysis provides a holistic picture of food insecurity in Guatemala's dry corridor region.

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Land grabbing, social differentiation, intensified migration and food security in northern Ghana

Cited by 95 publications

References 51 publications

The end of the rural/urban divide? Migration, proletarianization, differentiation and peasant production in an ejido, Central Mexico

The end of the rural/urban divide? Migration, proletarianization, differentiation and peasant production in an ejido, Central Mexico

Land grabs, farmworkers, and rural livelihoods in West Africa: some silences in the food sovereignty discourse

Experiences and Drivers of Food Insecurity in Guatemala's Dry Corridor: Insights From the Integration of Ethnographic and Household Survey Data

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