Abstract:Land cover changes based on cellular automata for surface temperature in Semarang Regency has increased significantly due to the continuous rise in its population. Therefore, this study aims to identify, analyze and predict multitemporal land cover changes and surface temperature distribution in 2028. Data on the land cover map were obtained from Landsat 7 and 8 based on supervised classification, while Land Surface Temperature (LST) was calculated from its thermal bands. The collected data were analyzed for a… Show more
“…Image processing using supervised classification with the MLC method, which is divided into four classes. If the accuracy test results are obtained above 85% annually, then the data can be used for further analysis (Hanafi et al, 2021). The result accuracy is obtained in Table 3.…”
The increasing need for land has resulted in a higher rate of land conversion and urbanization, leading to a rise in urban density and the occurrence of an Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect. The application of remote sensing and GIS can serve as a substitute for data collection in monitoring the UHI phenomena. This work utilizes Landsat 8 OLI satellite image data, namely band 10, to analyze Land Surface Temperature (LST). Bands 5 and 4 are employed to assess the distribution of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in Bekasi Regency during the years 2014 and 2020. The relationship between NDVI and LST is highly correlated as they can effectively forecast the influence of areas with sparse vegetation on temperature. The guided classification approach, employing the maximum likelihood algorithm and kappa validation, is utilized to evaluate alterations in land use. The kappa accuracy test yielded a score of 0.90% for 2014 and 0.99% for 2020. The research conducted between 2014 and 2020 revealed changes in land distribution. Specifically, the built-up land area increased by 99.92 Km2, empty land expanded by 280.82 Km2, bodies of water covered an additional 46.13 Km2, and vegetation expanded by 293.91 Km^2. According to the UHI research, it is evident that there has been a rise in surface temperature in Bekasi Regency from 2014 to 2020. In 2014, the minimum temperature reached 30 °C, and the maximum temperature reached 51 °C. In 2020, the minimum temperature was recorded at 34 °C, while the maximum temperature reached 52 °C.
“…Image processing using supervised classification with the MLC method, which is divided into four classes. If the accuracy test results are obtained above 85% annually, then the data can be used for further analysis (Hanafi et al, 2021). The result accuracy is obtained in Table 3.…”
The increasing need for land has resulted in a higher rate of land conversion and urbanization, leading to a rise in urban density and the occurrence of an Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect. The application of remote sensing and GIS can serve as a substitute for data collection in monitoring the UHI phenomena. This work utilizes Landsat 8 OLI satellite image data, namely band 10, to analyze Land Surface Temperature (LST). Bands 5 and 4 are employed to assess the distribution of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in Bekasi Regency during the years 2014 and 2020. The relationship between NDVI and LST is highly correlated as they can effectively forecast the influence of areas with sparse vegetation on temperature. The guided classification approach, employing the maximum likelihood algorithm and kappa validation, is utilized to evaluate alterations in land use. The kappa accuracy test yielded a score of 0.90% for 2014 and 0.99% for 2020. The research conducted between 2014 and 2020 revealed changes in land distribution. Specifically, the built-up land area increased by 99.92 Km2, empty land expanded by 280.82 Km2, bodies of water covered an additional 46.13 Km2, and vegetation expanded by 293.91 Km^2. According to the UHI research, it is evident that there has been a rise in surface temperature in Bekasi Regency from 2014 to 2020. In 2014, the minimum temperature reached 30 °C, and the maximum temperature reached 51 °C. In 2020, the minimum temperature was recorded at 34 °C, while the maximum temperature reached 52 °C.
“…Several factors have been known to influence the accuracy such as precise geometric registration, Geometric correction, normalisation, ground reference data availability and quality, landscape and environment variability, techniques and methods employed in the analysis, and the analyst's abilities and experience (Hanafi et al, 2021;Widiawaty et al, 2020). Errors due to preprocessing activities, and change detection methods.…”
Section: Accuracy Assessment Of Change Detectionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Changing land use is one of the factors of land cover changes. The changes of land use and land cover based upon modelling of cellular automata for surface temperature, and it has increased significantly because of the continuous rise in its population (Hanafi et al, 2021;Widiawaty et al, 2020). The land use and land cover have certain spatial rules to allocate the human behaviour attributes (Bogale, 2020).…”
Anthropogenic activities are leads to changing a natural land cover, and consequences are severe to human and environments etc. The present study has examined the Muthupet mangrove forest and its surrounding land-use changes from 1975 to 2015 using the geospatial technology. An assessment of land use and land cover was done at Muthupet mangrove forest which is an occupied the three coastal district of Tamilnadu i.e. Thanjavur, Thiruvarur, and Nagappattinam. The remote sensing (MSS, TM, and OLI) data was adopted to explore the land use and land cover with help of visual image interpretation. The study had justified the results based upon the ground truth verification, and 203 sites were selected for explore the 10 land use categories. An Accuracy Assessment has done based on the KAPPA index for the year 2015 classified image and appraisal of land use change detection from 1975 to 2015 for all the categories. The study revealed that the land use and land cover condition from the 1975 to 2015, for example 1975 water bodies covered an area of about 156.1 km2, and 2015 it has comprised 89.8 km2. An appraisal of land use and land cover clearly is evidence in 2005 entire land use and land cover changed, and reasons for that an influence of the Tsunami. Consequently, Muthupet mangrove forest is one of the important to human and environments, and the present study has exposed that the changes of the mangrove forest, and its impact on to the coastal community.
Keywords : Mangrove Fores; Remote sensing; LULC; Classification; Change detection
Copyright (c) 2022 Geosfera Indonesia and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
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“…of Semarang, which is the center of government and economy (Wijaya et al, 2018;Pigawati et al, 2019 ;Wahyudi et al, 2020). This phenomenon has an impact on decreasing environmental quality, characterized by high air temperatures, floods, and tidal decreasing the level of environmental comfort (Sunaryo et al, 2018;Sejati et al, 2020;Putra & Pigawati, 2021;Hanafi et al, 2021). This allows some residents to access the upper Semarang area with better environmental quality.…”
Semarang City has the fastest development in Central Java Province, where the activities are no longer centralized but have expanded to the upper part of the region. The ongoing development certainly impacts changes with the increasing area of built-up land that converts to another cover, such as vegetation. The phenomenon impacts the balance of the environment, one of which is the source of springs. Therefore, this study aims to map the spatial distribution of the springs and identify their physical quality. A quantitative approach was used with spatial analysis. Meanwhile, data collection techniques used document research, high-resolution image interpretation and field surveys. Field surveys were conducted to test the accuracy of land use maps and measurements of discharge, temperature, pH and brightness of the springs. The results showed that there is a change in land use from 2016 - 2021 with an increase in settlements of around 77.25 hectares and commercial service buildings by 178.79 hectares. For land use with the largest decrease in area, agricultural land covers and mixed garden/vegetation covers an area of 207.01 and 50.57 hectares. There were 114 springs at the research site, of which 5% of the springs had a relatively large discharge above 10 liters/second, while the other 47% had a small discharge. For pH conditions, there were 6 springs with a pH value of less than 6. Land use change from vegetation to flying land impacts the reduction of the water supply in the soil. The impact can be seen by the non-production of several springs, where 21 springs have not been discharged. In conclusion, there is a change in land use with an increase in built-up from 2016 - 2021 by 256.04 hectares. The increase in built-up is partly in conservation areas, hence damaging several springs.
Keywords : Land use change; Springs conditions; Gunungpati Sub-District
Copyright (c) 2022 Geosfera Indonesia and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share A like 4.0 International License
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