Land Cover Changes and Impacts of Massive Siltation on the Mangrove Segara Anakan Lagoon System, Cilacap Indonesia

Abstract

Changing coastal zones in Indonesia, such as coral reefs, seagrass, and mangroves, have an impact on tropical ecosystems. Excessive exploitation and sedimentation, in particular, have threatened the mangrove at Segara Anakan Cilacap. In order to evaluate temporal land cover changes and the impact of high siltation on the Segara Anakan lagoon system in Cilacap, Indonesia, a research was conducted. The land cover data from SPOT 4 was available in 2008, and the Sentinel-2A data was available in 2019. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was used to enhance the Macro Class with supervised classification utilizing Maximum Likelihood techniques. Mangroves and water bodies declined between 2009 and 2019, whereas settlements and farmland areas increased, according to this study. In the western part of Segara Anakan, extensive siltation altered the biomass, structure, and composition of mangrove vegetation. At high sedimented habitats, Acanthus and Derris dominate, followed by Nypa. The changes in land cover and land use had an impact on socioeconomic factors. Decreases in water bodies and mangrove areas, as well as an increase in farmland, were significantly linked to a shift in society's livelihoods from fishermen to farmers. The destruction of mangrove habitats in the Segara Anakan has been accelerated by anthropogenic activity and population pressure. Because this sensitive environment is constantly threatened by anthropogenic activity and climate change, effective management of the Segara Anakan Lagoon mangrove ecosystem is important for its long-term viability.

Predicting the Distribution of Mangrove Forests through Random Forest Algorithm by Combining Spectral Features and DEM Data

“…In the eastern part of the research location, various mangrove species were found, including Aigeceras, Ceriops, Rhizopora, and Nypa. Conversely, in the western part, mangrove species from the Acanthus and Derris groups are prevalent [18,19,20]. The region experiences two distinct seasons, namely the wet and dry seasons, which occur from October to May and from July to September, respectively.…”

Morphological and Genetic Diversity of Mangrove Species Ceriops tagal (Perr.) C.B. Rob. Around Java Island

“…The mangroves in Segara Anakan Cilacap are the only ones that are not in a conservation area and are found in almost the entire area. The western part of the area was converted into residential areas, while the eastern part of the area was used as an industrial area and a small area for aquaculture (Ardli et al, 2022).…”