Land and access: A framework for analysing mining, migration and development in Melanesia

Bainton, Nicholas; Banks, Glenn

doi:10.1002/sd.1890

Cited by 36 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Migration to the project was predominantly from local sources, as it tends to be in many other project locations around the world. Similar to Bainton and Banks' (2018) observations for Melanesia, we can see the importance of ethnic and kinship connections as an influence on migration patterns.…”

Section: Migration To the Sepon Minesupporting

confidence: 84%

“…For example, in Papua New Guinea, project-induced in-migration is often driven by the opportunity to access services and economic development that are not available in other rural areas (Bainton, 2017;Bainton & Banks, 2018). 12 However, in 2017, the Laos Government introduced a series of measures under which mining projects across the country would need to follow the example of both Sepon and Phu Bia and devote a set quantum of funding to community investment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In short, business and trade may not have attracted many migrants to the project area, but the greater part of the benefits from such trade went to them. However, ultimately local communities exert the most influence in the matter of migration, because if their members want relatives and friends to migrate to their area, there will be nothing a mining company can do, and very little a government of any political persuasion can do, to stop that happening (cf Bainton & Banks, 2018)…”

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confidence: 99%

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Migration to two mines in Laos

Jackson

2018

Sustainable Development

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This paper considers migration patterns to the Sepon and Phu Kham copper‐gold mining projects in Laos. Data collected biennially at these two mining ventures to monitor socio‐economic change is analysed to establish numbers, sources and types of migrants towards these mines and the distribution of project‐generated cash flows captured by such groups in comparison with those accruing to pre‐existing populations. The bulk of migration is demonstrated to be due to personal ties between migrants and pre‐existing residents. It is argued that in‐migration ultimately tends to dilute and partly undermine the immediate and positive impact of any intentional efforts to maximize local economic opportunities. Efforts to maximize employment for pre‐existing populations are shown to have been significantly undermined by numerous factors. Variations between different state policies on the distribution of and eligibility for receipt of project benefits are key to determining the extent of inward migration. The mines considered here, like many such operations elsewhere and throughout history, are located in relatively remote areas where the prospects for any form of economic development, other than mining, have been minimal. It is unlikely, therefore, that the higher levels of income and the increased opportunities (both social and economic) generated in mine impact areas during operations will be maintained after mine closure. The challenge to mining companies (and host governments) is not so much to create a sustainable economy in the places where they operate but rather to create sustainable improvements in the opportunities for the people who were living in such places prior to the start of their operations.

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Section: Migration To the Sepon Minesupporting

confidence: 84%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Migration to two mines in Laos

Jackson

2018

Sustainable Development

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“…This complexity stands in contrast to the control and order preferred by corporations (and their need to show shareholders they are in control). Local dynamics, including the often heated politics, shifting familial relationships with kin, and with migrants (see Bainton & Banks, in press), are critical to shaping the dynamics of community relationships with the corporation.…”

Section: Relationships As a Primary Focus Of Csrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversing the lens: Why corporate social responsibility is not community development

McLennan

Banks

2018

Corp Soc Responsibility Env

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Corporate activities have impacts on different groups across societies, and businesses therefore have different sets of responsibilities to these groups. These are increasingly being addressed through corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate community development (CCD) initiatives, and there is now a wide body of literature that highlights the value of CSR for business. However, less attention has been paid to understanding the impacts of these activities from the perspective of communities.This paper "reverses the lens" to explore these community perspectives. We argue that communities see and evaluate CSR/CCD in terms of the broader immanent effects of the corporate presence rather than simply the intentional CSR programs and prioritize relationships over material outcomes. We outline an agenda for corporations that begins with the realization that core business practices can impact profoundly on long-term community development and that effective contributions require corporations to "embrace chaos" and to develop the types of relationships that foreground community goals and priorities.

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“…Mining can also alter perceptions of time (D'Angelo & Pijpers 2018). Some communities look forward to mining revenues with an almost religious, apocalyptic enthusiasm(Bainton 2010). Others, particularly in areas which have been through several boom-bust cycles of mining, may develop cynicism or even dread of renewed mining(Halvaksz 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%