Laminarin Attenuates Ultraviolet-Induced Skin Damage by Reducing Superoxide Anion Levels and Increasing Endogenous Antioxidants in the Dorsal Skin of Mice

Abstract

<jats:p>A number of studies have demonstrated that marine carbohydrates display anti-oxidant, anti-melanogenic, and anti-aging activities in the skin. Laminarin (LA), a low-molecular-weight polysaccharide, is found in brown algae. The benefits of LA in ultraviolet B (UVB) induced photodamage of the skin have not been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pre-treated LA on histopathological changes and oxidative damage in mouse dorsal skin on day 5, following repeated UVB exposure. Histopathology, Western blot analysis and immunohistochemical studies showed that epidermal thickness in the UVB group was significantly increased; however, the thickness in the UVB group treated with LA (LA/UVB group) was less compared with that of the UVB group. Collagen fibers in the dermis of the UVB group were significantly decreased and destroyed, whereas, in the LA/UVB group, the density of collagen fibers was significantly increased compared with that of the UVB group. Oxidative stress due to superoxide anion production measured via dihydroethidium fluorescence staining was dramatically increased in the UVB group, whereas in the LA/UVB group, the oxidative stress was significantly decreased. Expressions of SOD1, glutathione peroxidase and catalase were markedly reduced in the UVB group, whereas in the LA/UVB group, they were significantly higher along with SOD2 than in the control group. Taken together, our results indicate that LA pretreatment prevents or attenuates skin damage, by decreasing oxidative stress and increasing antioxidant enzymes in mouse dorsal skin.</jats:p>

Topical Application of Aronia melanocarpa Extract Rich in Chlorogenic Acid and Rutin Reduces UVB-Induced Skin Damage via Attenuating Collagen Disruption in Mice

“…Exposure to ultraviolet (UVB) radiation induces skin damage including erythema, excoriation, dryness, and crust formation [ 1 , 2 ]. UVB radiation causes photodamage primarily through reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in the epidermis [ 3 , 4 ]. ROS induces secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs; MMP-1, -2, -3, -9, and -13) from fibroblasts and keratinocytes, which in turn degrade collagen and other extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, impair collagen synthesis, and cause skin photodamage [ 5 ].…”

“…Lately, sunblock products are in great request for protection against UVB exposure, and the radioprotective effects of numerous materials including natural resources have been studied [ 4 , 23 , 24 ]. However, effects on skin aging and photodamage of Aronia melanocarpa have been poorly reported.…”

Anti-Photoaging and Potential Skin Health Benefits of Seaweeds

“…The laminarin treatment significantly increased the thickness of dermis, tissue inhibitor MMP-1 (TIMP-1) level, and decreased the expression and release of MMP-1 [ 92 ]. It also protected mouse dorsal skin from UVB induced photodamage [ 93 ]. Furthermore, it significantly increased collagen fibers in the dermis of the UVB treated ICR mice.…”

A Critical Review of the Abilities, Determinants, and Possible Molecular Mechanisms of Seaweed Polysaccharides Antioxidants

“…Polysaccharides have various brown, red, and green characteristics. Some important seaweed polysaccharides that have commercial value are fucoidan, alginates, and laminarin from brown algae; carrageenan and agar from red, and ulvan from green seaweeds [ 36 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ].…”