Laminar profile of task-related plasticity in ferret primary auditory cortex

Francis, Nikolas A.; Elgueda, Diego; Englitz, Bernhard; Fritz, Jonathan B.; Shamma, Shihab A.

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-34739-3

Cited by 33 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Activity during hits and false alarms was higher compared to misses and correct rejections, respectively. This might reflect the need for more crosscolumnar communication within supragranular layers in order to integrate the spectral content of a presented CS necessary to promote the correct behavioral choice (Hickmott & Merzenich, 1998;Sakai & Suga, 2002;Happel et al, 2014;Francis et al, 2018). Therefore, we propose that the representation of stimulus features in sensory cortex, such as tone frequency in A1, does not depend alone on the transmission process of the sensory information via the primary sensory pathways, but is significantly modulated by the behavioral need and the behavioral relevance of a stimulus.…”

Section: Supragranular Layer Activity Better Classifies the Stimulus mentioning

confidence: 99%

Task rule and choice are reflected by layer-specific processing in rodent auditory cortical microcircuits

Zempeltzi

Kisse

Brunk

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The primary auditory cortex (A1) is an essential node in the integrative brain network that encodes the behavioral relevance of acoustic stimuli, predictions, and auditory-guided decision making. Previous studies have revealed task-related information being present at both the single-unit and population activity. However, its realization with respect to the cortical microcircuitry is less well understood. In this study, we used chronic, laminar current source density (CSD) analysis from the A1 of behaving Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) in order to characterize layer-specific, spatiotemporal synaptic population activity. Animals were trained to first detect and subsequently to discriminate two pure tone frequencies in consecutive training phases in a Go/NoGo shuttle-box task. We demonstrate that not only sensory but also task-and choice-related information is represented in the mesoscopic neuronal population code distributed across cortical layers. Based on a single-trial analysis using generalized linear-mixed effect models (GLMM), we found infragranular layers to be involved in auditoryguided action initiation during tone detection. Supragranular layers, particularly, are involved in the coding of choice options during tone discrimination. Further, we found that the overall columnar synaptic network activity represents the accuracy of the opted choice. Our study thereby suggests a multiplexed representation of stimulus features in dependence of the task, action selection, and the behavioral options of the animal in preparation of correct choices. The findings expand our understanding of how individual layers contribute to the integrative circuit of the A1 in order to code task-relevant information and guide sensory-based decision making.

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Section: Supragranular Layer Activity Better Classifies the Stimulus mentioning

confidence: 99%

Task rule and choice are reflected by layer-specific processing in rodent auditory cortical microcircuits

Zempeltzi

Kisse

Brunk

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…Bandpass noise (0.2 s, 1 octave) and pure tone (0.2 s duration) stimuli were presented to search for responsive sites. Because of evidence that neurons in supragranular layers (II-III) of A1 show greater plasticity than neurons in deeper layers (Francis et al, 2018), most of the recording depths in this study were within 100-400 microns of the cortical surface, and electrodes were advanced only to the most superficial position where single-unit responses to bandpass noise and tones were found. Once clear, stable auditory responses were obtained, the experimental stimuli were presented.…”

Section: Electrophyiological Recordingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive efficient coding of correlated acoustic properties

Lü

Liu

Dutta

et al. 2019

Preprint

Self Cite

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word)Natural sounds such as vocalizations often have co-varying acoustic attributes where one acoustic feature can be predicted from another, resulting in redundancy in neural coding. It has been proposed that sensory systems are able to detect such covariation and adapt to reduce redundancy, leading to more efficient neural coding. Results of recent psychoacoustic studies suggest that, following passive exposure to sounds in which temporal and spectral attributes covaried in a correlated fashion, the auditory system adapts to efficiently encode the two co-varying dimensions as a single dimension, at the cost of lost sensitivity to the orthogonal dimension. Here we explore the neural basis of this psychophysical phenomenon by recording single-unit responses from primary auditory cortex (A1) in awake ferrets exposed passively to stimuli with two correlated attributes in the temporal and spectral domain similar to that utilized in the psychoacoustic experiments. We found that: (1) the signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio of spike rate coding of cortical responses driven by sounds with correlated attributes was reduced along the orthogonal dimension; while the SNR ratio remained intact along the exposure dimension; (2) Mutual information of spike temporal coding increased only along the exposure dimension; (3) correlation between neurons tuned to the two covarying attributes decreased after exposure; (4) these exposure effects still occurred if sounds were correlated along two acoustic dimensions, but varied randomly along a third dimension. These neurophysiological results are consistent with the Efficient Learning Hypothesis and may deepen our understanding of how the auditory system represents acoustic regularities and covariance. Significance (119 words)In the Efficient Coding (EC) hypothesis, proposed by Barlow in 1961, the neural code in sensory systems efficiently encodes natural stimuli by minimizing the number of spikes to transmit a sensory signal. Results of recent psychoacoustic studies are consistent with the EC hypothesis, showing that following passive exposure to stimuli with correlated attributes, the auditory system adapts so as to more efficiently encode the two co-varying dimensions as a single dimension. In the current neurophysiological experiments, using a similar stimulus design and experimental paradigm to the psychoacoustic studies of Stilp and colleagues (2010, 2011, 2012, 2016), we recorded responses from single neurons in the auditory cortex of the awake ferret, showing adaptive efficient neural coding of correlated acoustic properties.

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“…The auditory model is inspired based on psychoacoustical and neurophysiological findings in the human auditory system. In a few years, this auditory model has been successfully employed in various applications of speech processing [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. The first stage of the auditory model is inspired by the internal ear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phoneme Classification Using Temporal Tracking of Speech Clusters in Spectro-temporal Domain

Esfandian

2020

IJE

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This article presents a new feature extraction technique based on the temporal tracking of clusters in spectro-temporal features space. In the proposed method, auditory cortical outputs were clustered. The attributes of speech clusters were extracted as secondary features. However, the shape and position of speech clusters change during the time. The clusters temporally tracked and temporal tracking parameters were considered in secondary features. The new architecture was proposed for phoneme classification by a combining classifier using both tracked and energy-based features. Clustered based spectro-temporal features vectors were used for the classification of several subsets of TIMIT database phonemes. The results show that the phoneme classification rate was improved Using tracked spectrotemporal features. The results were improved to 78.9% on voiced plosives classification which was relatively 3.3% higher than the results of non-tracked spectro-temporal feature vectors. The results on other subsets of phonemes showed good improvement in classification rate too.

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Laminar profile of task-related plasticity in ferret primary auditory cortex

Cited by 33 publications

References 47 publications

Task rule and choice are reflected by layer-specific processing in rodent auditory cortical microcircuits

Task rule and choice are reflected by layer-specific processing in rodent auditory cortical microcircuits

Adaptive efficient coding of correlated acoustic properties

Phoneme Classification Using Temporal Tracking of Speech Clusters in Spectro-temporal Domain

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