“…To overcome this limitation, two similar approaches, called "flame prolongation of ILDM" (FPI) [10] and "flamelet generated manifold" (FGM) [11], have been independently devised. These techniques, first introduced by Bradley et al [12], generate look-up tables from simulations of one-dimensional laminar premixed flames using complex chemical schemes. Reaction rates and species mass fractions are then tabulated as functions of a limited set of coordinates (progress variable, mixture fraction or equivalence ratio, enthalpy, etc.).…”