Laminar and spatial localization of the islands of Calleja in mice

Adjei, Stacey; Wesson, Daniel W.

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.12.019

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The OT has a dense layer 2 that forms a series of gyrations: the apical peaks of these gyrations contain small sets of granule cells. The deep layer 3 includes several kinds of projection and intrinsic neurons [ 32 ], the island of Calleja [ 47 ] and elements of the ventral pallidum and nucleus accumbens [ 32 , 33 , 48 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Markers Expressed in Neocortical Layers Are Differentially Exhibited in Olfactory Cortex

Brunjes

Osterberg

2015

PLoS ONE

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Neurons in the cerebral cortex stratify on the basis of their time of origin, axonal terminations and the molecular identities assigned during early development. Olfactory cortices share many feature with the neocortex, including clear lamination and similar cell types. The present study demonstrates that the markers differentially expressed in the projection neurons of the cerebral cortex are also found in olfactory areas. Three of the four regions examined (pars principalis of the anterior olfactory nucleus: AONpP, anterior and posterior piriform cortices: APC, PPC, and the olfactory tubercle) expressed transcription factors found in deep or superficial neurons in the developing neocortex, though large differences were found between areas. For example, while the AONpP, APC and PPC all broadly expressed the deep cortical marker CTIP2, NOR1 (NR4a3) levels were higher in AONpP and DAARP-32 was more prevalent in the APC and PPC. Similar findings were encountered for superficial cortical markers: all three regions broadly expressed CUX1, but CART was only observed in the APC and PPC. Furthermore, regional variations were observed even within single structures (e.g., NOR1 was found primarily in in the dorsal region of AONpP and CART expression was observed in a discrete band in the middle of layer 2 of both the APC and PPC). Experiments using the mitotic marker EDU verified that the olfactory cortices and neocortex share similar patterns of neuronal production: olfactory cells that express markers found in the deep neocortex are produced earlier than those that express superficial makers. Projection neurons were filled by retrograde tracers injected into the olfactory bulb to see if olfactory neurons with deep and superficial markers had different axonal targets. Unlike the cerebral cortex, no specificity was observed: neurons with each of the transcription factors examined were found to be labelled. Together the results indicate that olfactory cortices are complex: they differ from each other and each is formed from a variable mosaic of neurons. The results suggest that the olfactory cortices are not merely a remnant architype of the primordial forebrain but varied and independent regions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Markers Expressed in Neocortical Layers Are Differentially Exhibited in Olfactory Cortex

Brunjes

Osterberg

2015

PLoS ONE

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“…For example, the OT is the only sensory cortex located in the striatum, and it has many direct or indirect connections with the olfactory system ( Xiong and Wesson, 2016 ). It possesses the “Islands of Calleja” (IC), which is unique among rodents’ brains ( Adjei and Wesson, 2015 ); and dynamic laminations containing “hills” and “valleys,” which are not found in any other cortex structures. These anatomical features also endowed the OT with important roles in behavioral functions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-Brain Mapping of the Inputs and Outputs of the Medial Part of the Olfactory Tubercle

Zhang

Wen

et al. 2017

Front. Neural Circuits

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The medial part of the olfactory tubercle (OT) is a brain structure located at the interface of the reward and olfactory system. It is closely related to pheromone-rewards, natural reinforcement, addiction and many other behaviors. However, the structure of the anatomic circuitry of the medial part of the OT is still unclear. In the present study, the medial part of the OT was found to be highly connected with a wide range of brain areas with the help of the pseudorabies virus tracing tool. In order to further investigate the detailed connections for specific neurons, another tracing tool – rabies virus was utilized for D1R-cre and D2R-cre mice. The D1R and D2R neurons in the medial part of the OT were both preferentially innervated by the olfactory areas, especially the piriform cortex, and both had similar direct input patterns. With the help of the adeno-associated virus labeling, it was found that the two subpopulations of neurons primarily innervate with the reward related brain regions, with slightly less axons projecting to the olfactory areas. Thus, the whole-brain input and output circuitry structures for specific types of neurons in the medial part of the OT were systematically investigated, and the results revealed many unique connecting features. This work could provide new insights for further study into the physiological functions of the medial part of the OT.

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“…Although this region was described in the late 1800s, its functional significance has remained poorly understood 43 . The lack of selective neurochemical markers resulted in controversial anatomical descriptions and it is still debated whether these cells belong to several independent nuclei or form a single brain structure 43 – 45 . Remarkably, the high density of fluo-cariprazine binding helped to reveal that the cell masses, which appear as separate islands on coronal sections, are connected via continuous “bridge-like” structures within the hilar subregion outlined by fluo-cariprazine binding (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Large-scale analysis and 3D reconstruction of ligand-binding sites revealed the preference of fluo-cariprazine toward a large continuous neuronal assembly, that is embedded in the tubular striatum 42 and corresponds to the anatomical structure of the Islands of Calleja. Previous studies, that attempted to discern the complex morphology of this brain region often relied solely on nuclear staining or the increased NADPH-diaphorase reactivity of this region 43 – 45 . However, we found that the Islands of Calleja cannot be reliably distinguished on fluorescent images from adjacent striatopallidal regions unless specific markers are applied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PharmacoSTORM nanoscale pharmacology reveals cariprazine binding on Islands of Calleja granule cells

et al. 2021

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Immunolabeling and autoradiography have traditionally been applied as the methods-of-choice to visualize and collect molecular information about physiological and pathological processes. Here, we introduce PharmacoSTORM super-resolution imaging that combines the complementary advantages of these approaches and enables cell-type- and compartment-specific nanoscale molecular measurements. We exploited rational chemical design for fluorophore-tagged high-affinity receptor ligands and an enzyme inhibitor; and demonstrated broad PharmacoSTORM applicability for three protein classes and for cariprazine, a clinically approved antipsychotic and antidepressant drug. Because the neurobiological substrate of cariprazine has remained elusive, we took advantage of PharmacoSTORM to provide in vivo evidence that cariprazine predominantly binds to D3 dopamine receptors on Islands of Calleja granule cell axons but avoids dopaminergic terminals. These findings show that PharmacoSTORM helps to quantify drug-target interaction sites at the nanoscale level in a cell-type- and subcellular context-dependent manner and within complex tissue preparations. Moreover, the results highlight the underappreciated neuropsychiatric significance of the Islands of Calleja in the ventral forebrain.

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Laminar and spatial localization of the islands of Calleja in mice

Cited by 9 publications

References 36 publications

Developmental Markers Expressed in Neocortical Layers Are Differentially Exhibited in Olfactory Cortex

Developmental Markers Expressed in Neocortical Layers Are Differentially Exhibited in Olfactory Cortex

Whole-Brain Mapping of the Inputs and Outputs of the Medial Part of the Olfactory Tubercle

PharmacoSTORM nanoscale pharmacology reveals cariprazine binding on Islands of Calleja granule cells

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