Lameness in sheep 2. Treatment and control

Winter, Agnes

doi:10.1136/inpract.26.3.130

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…A sheep was defined as having CODD if one or more feet had a clear lesion consistent with the clinical signs of CODD (40). These clinical signs can be varied, but they include an ulcerative or granulomatous lesion at the coronary band which may extend dorsally and abaxially under the hoof wall and in severe cases lead to avulsion of the hoof capsule.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Level Association of Bovine Digital Dermatitis Treponema spp. with Contagious Ovine Digital Dermatitis Lesions and Presence of Fusobacterium necrophorum and Dichelobacter nodosus

Sullivan¹,

Clegg²,

Angell

et al. 2015

J Clin Microbiol

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Digital dermatitis (DD) is an infectious lameness commonly found in dairy cattle worldwide, and it is known as bovine digital dermatitis (BDD) or papillomatous digital dermatitis (PDD). The disease was first reported in 1980 in the United States (1) and in the late 1980s in the United Kingdom (2). BDD has also been confirmed in beef cattle (3, 4), and over the last 30 years, the disease has been recognized as an important cause of bovine lameness (5).Lameness in cattle and sheep has serious animal welfare and economic implications (6-9). The effects of lameness in cattle include a decrease in milk yield (9, 10) and fertility (8, 11-13) and an increase in rate of culling (12,14). This has been found to be particularly true for cattle suffering from BDD (8, 15, 16) with a recent study of the cost of lameness in the United States estimating that on average, BDD costs $133 per case (17).BDD is now a worldwide problem, and controlling BDD on dairy operations has proven difficult. Moreover, in the last 20 years, sheep in the United Kingdom have been identified with a form of DD termed contagious ovine digital dermatitis (CODD), which is rapidly emerging as a severe infectious foot disease since it was first reported in the United Kingdom in 1997 (18-20). Now, CODD has spread into the Republic of Ireland (20), and it was recently reported in dairy goats in the United Kingdom (21), indicating further cross-species transmission. The contagious nature of DD is also evident by the reports of a manifestation of the disease in a wildlife host, North American elk (Cervus elaphus) from Washington State (22). The reports of DD in previously unaffected species, including U.S. wildlife, suggests a much greater global threat of the disease than previously considered.BDD in cattle manifests in several forms, but most frequently as an ulcerative lesion of the digital skin located immediately above the coronary band between the heel bulbs which results in severe lameness (23). The clinical features of CODD in sheep are slightly different, mainly because the initial lesion site on the sheep foot is different. CODD lesions commence at the coronary band and then run under the hoof horn capsule dorsally and abaxially (24). CODD frequently presents a particularly severe outcome where the whole horn capsule can be lost (18,(25)(26)(27). As a result of the severity of the lesions, sheep can be extremely lame, impacting the welfare of the affected sheep (28). This is concurrent with the lesion pathology identified in elk, described as erosive lesions on

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Level Association of Bovine Digital Dermatitis Treponema spp. with Contagious Ovine Digital Dermatitis Lesions and Presence of Fusobacterium necrophorum and Dichelobacter nodosus

Sullivan¹,

Clegg²,

Angell

et al. 2015

J Clin Microbiol

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“…Treatments for footrot include one or more of trimming hoof horn, parenteral antibacterials, and topical bactericide 6,7 . The most popular treatment for footrot is trimming and applying a topical bactericide, with >90% farmers in the United Kingdom using this treatment in 2000 8 and 2004 9 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trimming removes excess horn and exposes footrot lesions to air 7,10 ; “letting air in” was recommended to combat D. nodosus because of its anaerobic nature 6,11 . Some practitioners propose severe trimming of the hoof horn at diagnosis, 12 however, many have moved away from this and recommend that hoof horn be trimmed carefully 5 days after treatment, when the lesions have start to heal, 7,13 there is no evidence for or against this latter recommendation. All foot trimming runs the risk of damaging the sensitive dermis of the foot, causing pain and granulomatous proliferations 3,7 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Randomized Clinical Trial of Long-Acting Oxytetracycline, Foot Trimming, and Flunixine Meglumine on Time to Recovery in Sheep with Footrot

Kaler

Daniels

Wright

et al. 2010

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

101

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Background: Internationally, foot trimming is used by most farmers, and parenteral antibacterials by some, to treat sheep with footrot. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) are sometimes used. No clinical trials have compared these treatments.Objectives: To investigate the above treatments on time to recovery from lameness and foot lesions in sheep with footrot. Animals: Fifty-three sheep with footrot on a commercial farm in England. Methods: In a randomized factorial design, the sheep were allocated to 6 treatment groups. The treatments were oxytetracycline spray to all sheep (positive control) and one or more of parenteral administration of long-acting oxytetracycline, flunixine meglumine, and foot trimming on day 1 or 6 of diagnosis. Follow-up was for 15 days. Time to recovery from lameness and lesions was investigated with discrete-time survival models.Results: There was significant association (P o .05) between recovery from lameness and lesions. Sheep receiving antibacterials parenterally recovered faster from lameness (odds ratio [OR] Conclusions and Clinical Importance: If foot trimming on day 1 or 6 of diagnosis was stopped and parenteral antibacterials were used, then over 1 million sheep/annum lame with footrot in the United Kingdom would recover more rapidly with benefits to productivity. Globally, this figure would be much higher.

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“…O principal tratamento relatado pelos proprietários foi o casqueamento dos dígitos com crescimento exacerbado da muralha, com o intuito de evitar o acúmulo de matéria orgânica e favorecer a regressão das lesões. O casqueamento deve ser realizado com cautela, principalmente nos cascos sem lesões, com retirada apenas do excesso do tecido córneo, com diminuição do sangramento e exposição de tecidos sensíveis, uma vez que a ceratina dura da muralha protege essas estruturas e facilita a pisadura em superfí-cies mais duras e irregulares, bem como dificulta a transmissão de patógenos pelo contado próximo com material contaminado (Nicoletti 2004, Winter 2004, 2008, Smith et al 2014. Provavelmente, um dos fatores que favoreceram a ocorrência dessas lesões nos rebanhos de ovinos da região tenha sido o casqueamento agressivo e demasiado nos cascos sem alterações prévias, e a falha no tratamento e manejo com ovinos que apresentaram diferentes tipos de lesões nos cascos.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Lesões podais em ovinos da Mesorregião Sudoeste do Rio Grande do Sul

Silveira¹,

Morais²,

Trost³

et al. 2016

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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RESUMO.-Lesões podais em ovinos são causas importantes de perdas econômicas por quedas na produtividade, na reprodução, por gastos com tratamentos ineficientes e com o descarte de animais afetados. Dessa forma, os objetivos foram descrever as principais características das lesões podais observadas em ovinos da Mesorregião Sudoeste do Rio Grande do Sul, seus aspectos epidemiológicos e a importância da ocorrência desses distúrbios para a criação de ovinos nessa região. Foram coletados dados epidemiológicos e clinicopatológicos de rebanhos ovinos da região entre abril de 2014 e abril de 2015 através de visitas técnicas em propriedades rurais. Foram avaliados rebanhos ovinos em 27 propriedades rurais localizadas em diferentes municípios, dos quais 21 registraram a ocorrência de lesões podais com relato de perdas econômicas significativas. Aproximadamente 1.700 ovinos, em média 10% dos rebanhos, apresentavam diferentes graus de claudicação decorrente de lesões podais que variavam de brandas a severas. Verificou-se que diversos fatores como clima e manejo foram favoráveis para o desenvolvimento das lesões podais e essas podem estar associadas a diferentes distúrbios e agentes etiológicos. No entanto, embora essas condições sejam importantes, o controle e a prevenção tem se mostrado ineficientes. Observou-se ainda que a pododermatite infecciosa dos ovinos (Footrot), parece ser a principal doença podal na região e atualmente pode ser considerada uma doença negligenciada.

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Lameness in sheep 2. Treatment and control

Cited by 29 publications

References 1 publication

High-Level Association of Bovine Digital Dermatitis Treponema spp. with Contagious Ovine Digital Dermatitis Lesions and Presence of Fusobacterium necrophorum and Dichelobacter nodosus

High-Level Association of Bovine Digital Dermatitis Treponema spp. with Contagious Ovine Digital Dermatitis Lesions and Presence of Fusobacterium necrophorum and Dichelobacter nodosus

Randomized Clinical Trial of Long-Acting Oxytetracycline, Foot Trimming, and Flunixine Meglumine on Time to Recovery in Sheep with Footrot

Lesões podais em ovinos da Mesorregião Sudoeste do Rio Grande do Sul

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