Lake Chad vegetation cover and surface water variations in response to rainfall fluctuations under recent climate conditions (2000−2020)

Gbetkom, Paul Gérard; Crétaux, Jean-François; Tchilibou, Michel; Carret, Alice; Delhoume, Manon; Bergé-Nguyen, Muriel; Sylvestre, Florence

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159302

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Following temperature, precipitation had a significant influence, positively correlating with lake water level and area but with a 3-month lag. This pattern corresponds with research on other lakes in arid regions, such as Lake Chad, where the lake’s response to changes in watershed rainfall was delayed by 112 days ( Gbetkom et al., 2023 ). The delay in lake water level and area changes compared to precipitation can be attributed to the arid soil’s high infiltration rates, which initially absorb increased precipitation and become saturated.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…In arid regions, lake water resources (e.g., surface area, water level, and volume), vegetation (e.g., Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), net primary productivity, and gross primary productivity), and hydroclimatic factors (e.g., temperature, precipitation, and runoff) have garnered global attention ( Jiapaer et al., 2011 ; Voss et al., 2013 ; Chen et al., 2020 ; Kooch et al., 2022 ; Liu et al., 2023 ). The relationships between lake surface area and hydroclimatic factors and between NDVI and hydroclimatic factors have been extensively scrutinized across various spatial scales ( Shen et al., 2017 ; Nourani et al., 2021 ; Ogou et al., 2022 ; Gbetkom et al., 2023 ). Previous studies have illustrated the strong correlations between lake surface area and variables like temperature and precipitation in arid regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Responses of vegetation cover to hydro-climatic variations in Bosten Lake Watershed, NW China

Ge,

Ding,

Amantai

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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Amidst the backdrop of global climate change, it is imperative to comprehend the intricate connections among surface water, vegetation, and climatic shifts within watersheds, especially in fragile, arid ecosystems. However, these relationships across various timescales remain unclear. We employed the Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) method to analyze the multifaceted dynamics of surface water and vegetation in the Bosten Lake Watershed across multiple temporal scales. This analysis has shed light on how these elements interact with climate change, revealing significant insights. From March to October, approximately 14.9–16.8% of the areas with permanent water were susceptible to receding and drying up. Both the annual and monthly values of Bosten Lake’s level and area exhibited a trend of initial decline followed by an increase, reaching their lowest point in 2013 (1,045.0 m and 906.6 km2, respectively). Approximately 7.7% of vegetated areas showed a significant increase in the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). NDVI volatility was observed in 23.4% of vegetated areas, primarily concentrated in the southern part of the study area and near Lake Bosten. Regarding the annual components (6 < T < 24 months), temperature, 3-month cumulative NDVI, and 3-month-leading precipitation exhibited the strongest correlation with changes in water level and surface area. For the interannual components (T≥ 24 months), NDVI, 3-month cumulative precipitation, and 3-month-leading temperature displayed the most robust correlation with alterations in water level and surface area. In both components, NDVI had a negative impact on Bosten Lake’s water level and surface area, while temperature and precipitation exerted positive effects. Through comparative analysis, this study reveals the importance of temporal periodicity in developing adaptive strategies for achieving Sustainable Development Goals in dryland watersheds. This study introduces a robust methodology for dissecting trends within scale components of lake level and surface area and links these trends to climate variations and NDVI changes across different temporal scales. The inherent correlations uncovered in this research can serve as valuable guidance for future investigations into surface water dynamics in arid regions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of vegetation cover to hydro-climatic variations in Bosten Lake Watershed, NW China

Ge,

Ding,

Amantai

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…The temperature is increasing at an unprecedented rate [28]. Consequently, there have been significant and frequent alterations in inter-seasonal rainfall yearly [29,30] until recent years as shown in Figures 3 and 4 [31]. These changes in temperature and rainfall have contributed to a rise in food insecurity in the region, leading to vulnerable youth in local communities turning to terrorist groups due to the lack of job opportunities [15,20].…”

Section: Historical and Currentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water and Food Sustainability in the Riparian Countries of Lake Chad in Africa

Olowoyeye

Kanwar

2023

Sustainability

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Lake Chad is a strategic water resource shared by more than 40 million people in Sub-Saharan Africa. In the 1960s, it served as a primary source of water for irrigation and fishing in the region, but the capacity of Lake Chad to supply water for irrigation plummeted by 90% at the beginning of the twenty-first century. With some initiatives taken by the neighboring countries, Lake Chad has recovered about 5% of its water volume in recent years. This research conducted an extensive literature review on Lake Chad and its riparian countries. The four major riparian countries were given particular attention due to their significant stake in the sustainability of lake Chad. This review identified and analyzed the water usage trends in this region, both before and after the lake’s decline in water levels. Our research findings revealed that riparian countries around Lake Chad have experienced an 80% increase in population growth and that the lake has now been reduced to 10% of its original size in the 1960s. Animal production in the region has increased significantly, too, particularly in Chad, and this increase of over 75% has contributed to the conflicts between farmers and herders in the region. The possible solutions proposed for the restoration of Lake Chad include increased water harvesting activities in the basin, developing a legal framework for sustainable water use, incentive-based policies for stakeholders to mitigate climate extremes events, establishing a joint water administration for the basin, and introducing regenerative agricultural practices with a highly efficient micro irrigation system.

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Effects of precipitation on vegetation and surface water in the Yellow River Basin during 2000–2021

Shi,

Yang,

Xia

et al. 2024

J. Geogr. Sci.

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Lake Chad vegetation cover and surface water variations in response to rainfall fluctuations under recent climate conditions (2000−2020)

Cited by 8 publications

References 41 publications

Responses of vegetation cover to hydro-climatic variations in Bosten Lake Watershed, NW China

Responses of vegetation cover to hydro-climatic variations in Bosten Lake Watershed, NW China

Water and Food Sustainability in the Riparian Countries of Lake Chad in Africa

Effects of precipitation on vegetation and surface water in the Yellow River Basin during 2000–2021

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