Lagrange multiplier method used in BESIII kinematic fitting

Liang, Yan; He, Rang Lin; Li, Wei Guo; Bian, Jian Ming; Cheng-Dong, Fu; Huang, Bin; Liu, Ying; Lü, Q. W.; Ning, Fei Peng; Sun, S.; Xu, Min; Zhang, Jian Yong; Yong, Zhu

doi:10.1088/1674-1137/34/2/009

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Many great reviews have been published in the past years on the lead‐free PSCs, i.e., PSCs with zero lead within, [ 49–53 ] sometimes with a section on lead‐less PSCs, [ 54–56 ] but, to the best of our knowledge, no extensive review dedicated to lead‐less PSCs has been published yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead‐Less Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

Gollino

Pauporté

2021

Solar RRL

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The rise and commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is hindered by the toxicity of lead present in the perovskites used as the solar light absorber. To counter this problem, lead (Pb) can be fully (lead‐free) or partially (lead‐less) replaced by diverse elements. The former compounds suffer from poor efficiency and poor stability, whereas the later appear more promising. Herein, a survey of the methods reported in the literature to reduce Pb content in PSCs to fabricate “lead‐less” (also called “lead‐deficient”) PSCs is offered. First, the comparison of Sn and Pb elements and the partial replacement of Pb by Sn are developed. Then, its substitution by either Ge, Sr, or other alkaline‐earth‐metals, transition metals, and elements from columns 12, 13, and 15 of the periodic table are detailed. The new families of perovskites based on the insertion of organic cations to replace lead and halogen units, namely the “lead‐deficient” and “hollow” halide perovskites are then presented and discussed. Finally, atypical ways to reduce the toxicity of PSCs are presented: perovskite layer thickness reduction via optimization of photon collection, integration of photonic structures, and usage of recycled lead. The current achievements and the outlook of those strategies are presented and discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead‐Less Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

Gollino

Pauporté

2021

Solar RRL

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“…The stiffness of the coupling beam decides to space stiffness of coupled shear wall, failure mechanism and ductility performance [1][2][3] . According to the size of stiffness and strength of coupling beam, three different failure modes of the coupled wall structure may occur: (a) (b) (c) Fig.…”

Section: Failure Mode Of Coupled Wallmentioning

confidence: 99%

Failure-Mode Based Coupled Shear Wall Optimization Design

Zheng

2012

AMM

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Failure-mode based optimization is very effective at improving the performance of structure, therefore, a new optimal approach based on failure mode with the ability to limit the cost is proposed. Three different failure modes of the coupled wall are discussed, and then the objective function is setted up according to the expected failure mode and minimum cost. Finally, an example is cited to verify the method. It is concluded that the method can supply an effective way to reduce the cost of coupled shear wall, and the expected failure mode can be obtained.

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“…Kinematic and vertex fitting is widely used data analysis technique in particle physics experiments [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. This technique can be used in order to separate events corresponding to different kinematic hypotheses and to reconstruct interaction and decay vertices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinematic and vertex fitting package for the CMD-3 experiment

Gribanov

Попов

2023

J. Inst.

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In this article, we discuss a new software package of kinematic and vertex fitting for the CMD-3 experiment at the VEPP-2000 electron-positron collider. The authors describe in detail the fitting algorithm, parametrization of four-momenta and trajectories of various particles and present the results of testing the fitting pakage using events of Monte Carlo simulation of various e + e - annihilation processes. The authors also provide several examples of the fitting package validation using Gaussian simulation. Although the package discussed in this article is intended for the CMD-3 experiment, it can also be used in other experiments. The authors consider the described package as their first step towards a more universal and rigorous kinematic and vertex fitting package that can be used in future e + e - experiments, such as the Super Charm-Tau factory.

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Lagrange multiplier method used in BESIII kinematic fitting

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

Lead‐Less Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

Lead‐Less Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

Failure-Mode Based Coupled Shear Wall Optimization Design

Kinematic and vertex fitting package for the CMD-3 experiment

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