LaF₃:Ln mesoporous spheres: controllable synthesis, tunable luminescence and application for dual-modal chemo-/photo-thermal therapy

Abstract

In this report, uniform LaF(3):Ln mesoporous spheres have been synthesized by a facile and mild in situ ion-exchange method using yolk-like La(OH)3:Ln mesoporous spheres as templates, which were prepared through a self-produced bubble-template route. It was found that the structures of the final LaF(3):Ln can simply be tuned by adding a polyetherimide (PEI) reagent. LaF(3):Ln hollow mesoporous spheres (HMSs) and LaF(3):Ln flower-like mesoporous spheres (FMSs) were obtained when assisted by PEI and in the absence of PEI. The up-conversion (UC) luminescence results reveal that the doping of Nd(3+) ions in LaF(3):Ln can markedly influence the UC emissions of the products. It is interesting that an obvious thermal effect is achieved due to the energy back-transfer from Tm(3+) to Nd(3+) ions under 980 nm near-infrared (NIR) irradiation. The LaF(3):Yb/Er/Tm/Nd HMSs show good biocompatibility and sustained doxorubicin (DOX) release properties. In particular, upon 980 nm NIR irradiation, the photothermal effect arising from the Nd(3+) doping induces a faster DOX release from the drug release system. Moreover, UC luminescence images of LaF(3):Yb/Er/Tm/Nd HMSs uptaken by MCF-7 cells exhibit apparent green emission under 980 nm NIR irradiation. Such a multifunctional carrier combining UC luminescence and hyperthermia with the chemotherapeutic drugs should be of high potential for the simultaneous anti-cancer therapy and cell imaging.

Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica Coated Prussian Blue for MR/PA Dual‐Modal Imaging‐Guided Photothermal‐Chemotherapy of Triple Negative Breast Cancer

“…However, to the best of our knowledge, the therapeutic strategies for TNBC on previous studies are lack of imaging guidance. For photothermal‐chemical combination therapy of TNBC, imaging‐guided therapy has several advantages to improve the therapeutic efficacy 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25. First, imaging could provide the information of the tumor's shape, size, location, and relationship with surrounding tissues, which is helpful for determining treatment position and scope.…”

Physiochemical characterization of highly biocompatible, and colloidal LaF3:Yb/Er upconversion nanoparticles

“…1 shows the well-defined diffraction peaks, which are well-indexed with the standard hexagonal phase of pure form LaF 3 space group (JCPDS Card No. 32-0483) [14,49,50,[53][54][55][56]. The bandwidth of the diffraction lines is noticeably broad as observed in Fig.…”

“…The enlargement of the reflection peaks suggests that the LaF 3 :Yb, Er NPs synthesized using complex-based decomposition process are of nanoscale in size. The typical particle size of the nanoproducts assessed from the Debye-Scherrer equation (D hkl = Kλ(β cosθ) using full-width-at-half maxima of the most dominant reflection plane observed at 43.77° is to be ~ 12.3 nm [53,57,58].…”

Synthesis of Poly(acrylic acid)-Functionalized La_1-<i>x</i>Eu_<i>x</i>F₃ Nanocrystals with High Photoluminescence for Cellular Imaging

“…Aqueous dispersity of nanomaterials is a prerequisite for biomedical applications, so are the lanthanide luminescent bioprobes 3,16,17 . Nonetheless, most as-prepared nanoparticles cannot suspend in water steadily 10 .…”