Ladm and Indoorgml for Support of Indoor Space Identification

Abstract

ABSTRACT:Guidance and security in large public buildings such as airports, museums and shopping malls requires much more information that traditional 2D methods offer. Therefore 3D semantically-reach models have been actively investigated with the aim to gather knowledge about availability and accessibility of spaces. Spaces can be unavailable to specific users because of plenty of reasons: the 3D geometry of spaces (too low, too narrow), the properties of the objects to be guided to a specific part of the building (walking, driving, flying), the status of the indoor environment (e.g. crowded, limited light, under reconstruction), property regulations (private areas), security considerations and so on.However, such information is not explicitly avaible in the existing 3D semantically-reach models. IFC and CityGML are restricted to architectural building components and provide little to no means to describe such properties. IndoorGML has been designed to establish a generic approach for space identification allowing a space subdivision and automatic creation of a network for route computation. But currently it also represents only spaces as they are defined by the architectural layout of the building. The Land Administration Domain Model is currently the only available model to specify spaces on the basis of ownership and rights for use.In this paper we compare the principles of IndoorGML and LADM, investigate the approaches to define spaces and suggest options to the linking of the two types of spaces. We argue that LADM space subdivision on basis of properties and rights of use can be used to define to semantically and geometrically available and accessible spaces and therefore can enrich the IndoorGML concept.

About the Subdivision of Indoor Spaces in Indoorgml

“…The model can be used to define subdivision of building space according to user profile (walking, driving), security or property regulations, and it is the concept on which the current version of IndoorGML relies. The support of the IndoorGML sub-spacing based on the Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) is also discussed in (Zlatanova et al, 2016b) and (Zlatanova et al, 2016a). Finally, the specific case of the sub-spacing process in IndoorGML is also discussed in (Jung and Lee, 2015), with a focus on spaces of type hall and square and relying on the notions provided in the actual standard.…”

Exploring Bim for Operational Integrated Asset Management – A Preliminary Study Utilising Real-World Infrastructure Data

“…For example the use of topological spaces in indoor navigation (Zlatanova, et al, 2016). Perhaps, as also proposed by Kang and Hong (2015) generalisation algorithms can be use on space geometry to provide a framework for supporting simplified visualisation of the indoor environments, thus reducing memory and processor specifcations.…”

INTERLIS Language for Modelling Legal 3D Spaces and Physical 3D Objects by Including Formalized Implementable Constraints and Meaningful Code Lists

“…An approach for linking RRR information to indoor environments was introduced by Zlatanova et al [26], proposing an LADM-based extension for IndoorGML. For this first approach, it was argued that the subdivision of LADM space on the basis of properties and rights-of-use could be used to define semantically and geometrically available and accessible spaces, and could therefore enrich the IndoorGML concept.…”

“…On the other hand, purely physical models usually manage and store spatial and, sometimes, semantic information at various LoDs; the most frequently used physical data models in the geoinformation field are IFC (ISO 16736:2013) [20,21], OGC CityGML [22], OGC LandInfra/InfraGML [23,24], LandXML [25], and OGC IndoorGML [26]. Among those models, CityGML and IndoorGML provide a comprehensive set of entities, most of which could potentially be used for mapping legal interests within indoor environments [27].…”